Three-Dimensional Bilateral Symmetry Assumed in Judgments of Figural Identity and Orientation

Michael K. McBeath, Diane J. Schiano, Barbara Tversky

Abstract

Four experiments were performed to explore assumptions viewers make in judging identity and orientation of indeterminate shapes.  Subjects viewed symmetric and asymmetric random polygons and described (what the figure looks like) and its orientation.  Viewers were found to almost universally interpret the shapes as silouettes of 3-D bilaterally symmetric objects.  The assumption of 3-D symmetry generally constrained specified vantage so that symmetric shapes were interpreted as front or top views, and symmettric shapes as profile or oblique views.  The interpretations were consistent with the notion that most salient objects or their prototypes are bilaterally symmetric.  The assumption that indeterminate shapes depict symmetric 3-D objects appears to be a frequently used pattern-recognition heuristic.

Continuum: Stimuli: Experiment 4

Continuum Stimuli

 Typical Interpretations of Axes of Symmetry

Typical Responses: 
  • Cartoon dog(side view: right)
  • Laughing mouse (side view: left)
    Flying pelican with mouth wide open (side view: left, down and away)

18 Sided Asymmetric Figure 
18-Sided  Asymmetric Figure

Atypical Responses: 
  • Missile (side view: right, up) and ladle (side view: left)
  • Maske figure bending overrr, with arms up (side view: right)
    Distorted axe or tomahawk (side view:right)
Typical Responses: 
  • Fighter plane (straight-on view: top)
  • Man in sombrero (straight-on view: front)
    Two-headed dog (mirror images facing right & left)

18 Sided Symmetric  Figure 
18-Sided Symmetric Figure

Atypical Responses: 
  • Boat propeller (Straight-on view: down, tilted)
    Bomb tail fins (straight-on view:down)

 
 

Percentage of Interpretations Specifying 3-D Symmetric Objects

Percentage of Interpretations with Object Viewing Angle Specified as Straight On

 Experienced Vantage as Function of Polygon Symmetry

 Go to Top of Page
 Go to McBeath Research Page
 Go to McBeath Home Page