Selected articles (including dissertations, etc

Some Articles Using Ethnographic Content Analysis

Selected articles (including dissertations, etc.) listed Webspirs information base that contain “Ethnographic Content Analysis” in the abstract or title. These reports are from researchers in several countries represenging numerous disciplines (e.g., sociology, criminology, justice studies,anthropology, communication, psychology, hygiene, nutrition, nursing, rhetoric, etc.). (Note: there appear to be a few duplicates, such as a dissertation cite will be repeated when an article is published.)

Record 1 of 65 in The ERIC Database (1992-2002/03)

AN: EJ634019

AU: Carpenter,-Laura-M.

TI: The First Time/Das Erstes Mal: Approaches to Virginity Loss in U.S. and German Teen Magazines.

PY: 2001

SO: Youth-and-Society; v33 n1 p31-61 Sep 2001

DT: Journal-Articles (080); Reports-Research (143)

LA: English

DEM: *Adolescents-; *Sexuality-

DER: Cultural-Differences; Foreign-Countries

AB: Examined 76 stories about virginity loss, using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, from German and U.S. teen magazines. A substantial proportion of all sexuality-related material in the magazines concerned virginity. Both publications depicted virginity loss as a unique, salient sexual turning point and made similar recommendations for virginity loss. German editors see early sexual experiences as essentially positive in nature. (SM)

Record 2 of 65 in The ERIC Database (1992-2002/03)

AN: ED420397

AU: Karsenti,-Thierry-P.; Thibert,-Gilles

TI: The Interaction between Teaching Practices and the Change in Motivation of Elementary-School Children.

PY: 1998

NT: Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the American Educational Research Association (San Diego, CA, April 13-17, 1998).

PR: EDRS Price MF01/PC01 Plus Postage.

DT: Reports-Research (143); Speeches-or-Meeting-Papers (150)

LA: English

DEM: *Academic-Achievement; *Elementary-School-Students; *Elementary-School-Teachers; *Student-Motivation; *Teacher-Effectiveness

DER: Elementary-Education; Foreign-Countries; Instructional-Effectiveness; Performance-Factors; Teacher-Characteristics; Teacher-Student-Relationship

AB: This study took an in-depth, global look at the entirety of the teaching practices of six elementary school teachers in Canada who are known to be highly motivating instructors. The study investigated the interaction between teaching practices and the change in elementary-school student motivation. Three teachers were chosen for their reputation as great motivators, while the other three were randomly selected in schools from the same sociological context; the students of these teachers also participated. Teachers were interviewed, their classes were observed, and their teaching materials were examined. Documents and other qualitative data were analyzed by ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, and a motivation scale was applied to students. Results indicated that effective teachers seem to emphasize effort more than ability, using attributional feedback to favor student motivation. Effective teaching was also related to the sharing of classroom management responsibilities with students, and with creating a classroom culture in which students were held accountable, had self-determination, and believed that through effort they could succeed. Planning and decision making for these teachers showed awareness of the importance of creating a classroom context in which students were highly motivated, and they were aware when students were not motivated. Student's perceptions of the teachers actions were more important for influencing motivation than the teacher's real actions themselves. Contains 20 references. (JPB)

Record 3 of 65 in The ERIC Database (1992-2002/03)

AN: EJ519407

AU: Thomas,-Volker; Striegel,-Phil

TI: Stress and Grief of a Perinatal Loss: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods.

PY: 1995

SO: Omega:-Journal-of-Death-and-Dying; v30 n4 p299-312 1994-95

NT: Journal availability: Baywood Publishing Co., Inc., 26 Austin Ave., PO Box 337, Amityville, NY 11701.

DT: Reports-Research (143); Journal-Articles (080)

LA: English

DEM: *Death-; *Grief-; *Interpersonal-Relationship; *Parent-Attitudes; *Pregnancy-

DER: Coping-; Depression-Psychology; Emotional-Problems; Family-Attitudes; Friendship-; Perinatal-Influences; Qualitative-Research; Statistical-Analysis; Stress-Variables

AB: Examined how parents grieve loss of a baby through miscarriage or stillbirth. Interviewed 26 couples 2 weeks after a perinatal loss. ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS revealed 12 themes closely related to resources, meaning of the stressful event, and coping strategies, all of which are elements, of Hill's ABC-X stress model. (JBJ)

Record 4 of 65 in The ERIC Database (1992-2002/03)

AN: ED344107

AU: Hayes,-Elisabeth; Smith,-Letitia

TI: Women in Adult Education: An Analysis of Perspectives in Major Journals.

PY: 1992

NT: Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (San Francisco, CA, April 1992).

PR: EDRS Price MF01/PC02 Plus Postage.

DT: Speeches-or-Meeting-Papers (150); Reports-Research (143)

LA: English

DEM: *Adult-Education; *Content-Analysis; *Females-; *Perspective-Taking; *Scholarly-Journals; *Womens-Education

DER: Educational-Research; Feminism-; Foreign-Countries; Role-Perception; Scholarship-

AB: To clarify dominant perspectives on women in adult education publications, ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS was used to examine 112 journal articles in 4 major adult education journals. Articles analyzed were from two North American journals ("Adult Education"/"Adult Education Quarterly" and "Adult Leadership"/"Lifelong Learning") and two British journals ("Adult Education" (U.K.) and "Studies in the Education of Adults"). Five major perspectives on women were identified: (1) women as adult learners; (2) women's need for personal development; (3) women's role change and adjustment; (4) marginalization of women; and (5) women as collaborative learners. A sixth potentially emergent perspective was also found: women as feminists. Strengths and limitations of each perspective were described, along with implications for future scholarship on women and gender in adult education. Implications for scholarship that could form the foundation for new educational strategies were identified: (1) adult education research must start with women's experiences and perspectives as the focal point; (2) women's learning within formal education might be explored more extensively from the perspective of the learner; (3) adult education scholarship might strive for a more pluralistic understanding of women and men as learners; and (4) researchers might move toward a broader understanding of gender as a socially and culturally defined system that shapes and is shaped by adult education. (123 references) (YLB)

Record 5 of 65 in Education Full Text 1/00-3/02

TI: Re-thinking instructional immediacy for Web courses: a social cognitive exploration

AU: LaRose,-Robert; Whitten,-Pam

SO: Communication Education v 49 no4 Oct 2000. p. 320-38

PY: 2000

LA: English

AB: The growth of the World-Wide Web as a medium of instruction in higher education rekindles an old debate about the effectiveness of instructional technology. The present limitations of the Internet medium restrict the teacher immediacy of Web courses and possibly have a negative impact on both affective and cognitive learning. Web courses also appear to be a deficient means to form close relationships between students, which was termed student immediacy. But Web courses also have the potential to be more immediate than conventional classroom instruction by introducing a new "agency" into the learning environment, the computer. Learner interactions with computers potentially convey a sense of personal tutorship or computer immediacy that augment immediacy in comparison to the limited large group interaction prevalent in conventional lecture sections. Social cognitive theory was applied to develop a unified construct of instructional immediacy that encompassed teacher, student and computer agency. Within this theory, immediacy behaviors provide social and status incentives that motivate learning. An exploratory qualitative ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of three Web courses identified potential indicators of immediacy in Web classrooms and framed recommendations about future research on instructional immediacy and Web course design. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.

DE: Internet-Distance-education-use-Colleges-and-universities; Social-perception; Cognition-; Interactive-computer-systems

DT: Feature-Article

AN: 200003371500

Record 6 of 65 in Humanities Full Text 1/98-3/02

TI: Dennis Rodman- "Barbie Doll gone horribly wrong": marginalized masculinity, cross-dressing, and the limitations of commodity culture

AU: Dunbar,-Michele-D

SO: Journal of Men's Studies v 7 no3 Spring 1999. p. 317-36

PY: 1999

LA: English

AB: Part of a special issue on marginalization based on gender performance. The writer examines the relationship between NBA player Dennis Rodman's marginality as a black male, his cross-dressing and gender play, and his location in consumer media culture. Using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of Rodman's media image on MTV, the effects of Rodman's gender play are explored: in particular, whether or not Rodman's image challenges or disrupts prevailing ideas of masculinity. In general, Rodman's cross-dressing does little to offer a critique of hegemonic masculinity and instead serves to signal his own marginalized black masculinity. His gender play appears to be contained within heterosexual, and even hyper-masculine, limits that reproduce the very racist and sexist ideas of black masculinity against which hegemonic masculinity is stabilized.

DE: Rodman,-Dennis; Transvestism-; Masculinity-; Black-basketball-players; Social-marginality; Sports-Social-aspects

DT: Feature-Article

AN: 199901379600

Record 7 of 65 in Criminal Justice Abs. 1968-2002/03

TI: Perceptions of children and teenagers on community policing: Implications for law enforcement leadership, training, and citizen evaluations

AU: Williams-Brian-N

JN: Police-Quarterly, 2, (2), pp. 150-173.

PY: 1999

AB: This study uses focus group interviews and an ethnographic content analysis to probe the perceptions of approximately 42 African-American

inner-city children and teenagers in Athens, GA, on law enforcement in general and community policing in particular.

Two major themes emerged: a real fear of crime and violence (non-random retribution), and negative perceptions of law enforcement. Respondents were in agreement regarding police officers' slow response time, lack of timely intervention, and alleged harassment. Community officers are in a position to foster enlightenment, and ultimately, emancipation, for youngsters in inner city communities. The success of their new role as teachers and facilitators of public governance is dependent, however, on law enforcement's leadership and training, coupled with the deconstruction of perceptual walls that separate the potential co-producing agents.

DE: COMMUNITY-POLICING; GEORGIA-STATE; JUVENILES-

DT: Journal-Article

AN: 81744

Record 8 of 65 in Criminal Justice Abs. 1968-2002/03

TI: A typology of the frivolous: varying meanings of frivolity in Section 1983 prisoner civil rights litigation

AU: Fradella-Henry-F

JN: Prison-Journal, 78, (4), pp. 465-491.

PY: 1998

AB: In the last few years, the popular press, judges, state attorneys general and legal scholars have all raised concerns about the "frivolous" nature of lawsuits filed in federal court by inmates in state and local custodies under 42 U.S. Code Section 1983. An ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS drew on a random sample of 86 claims dismissed in 1994 in the U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona as frivolous after initial review of inmates' complaints.

Section 1915 of Title 28 of the U.S. Code contemplates 2 types of dismissals for frivolous claims: factual and legal. Each type consists of a subset of categories that courts use in reviewing claims for frivolousness at the initial review stage. Of the totality of the claims adjudicated by the courts to be frivolous, few were factually frivolous in the way portrayed by the media: 93% of the claims so adjudicated fell outside the realm of the factually absurd. Thus, it appears that the meta-narrative of the frivolous presents a skewed view of the totality of prisoner civil rights cases. Theoretical and public policy implications of the findings are detailed.

DE: INMATES-; LITIGATION-

AN: 75182

Record 9 of 65 in Criminal Justice Abs. 1968-2002/03

TI: Visualizing America's drug problems: an ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of illegal drug stories on the nightly news

AU: Jernigan-David; Dorfman-Lori

JN: Contemporary-Drug-Problems, 23, (2), pp. 169-196.

PY: 1996

AB: A study analyzes the visual, as well as textual, content of television news stories related to illicit drugs, providing a "thick description" of the mediated content and the themes and patterns of this coverage. Data are based on analysis of 24 stories aired on national television news broadcasts during 1990, representing nearly 44 minutes of air time.

News coverage of illegal drugs created the impression that drug use is a phenomenon of an "other" group--a small collection of individuals not usually known to most Americans. Such "otherization" reflects the ethnocentric and moral values of upper-middle-class Americans, and attributes the alleged illegal drug crisis to minorities. This suggests that the 1990s drug war repeats the historical pattern of drug wars as a mechanism to exert social control over racial and ethnic minorities. Television coverage also served to support the overreliance on punitive approaches to the problem of illegal drugs.

DE: DRUG-TRAFFICKING; MASS-MEDIA; TELEVISION-

AN: 67897

Record 10 of 65 in MEDLINE(R) on CD 2000 Part A

TI: Women's perceptions of outcomes of prenatal case management.

AU: Issel,-L-M

SO: Birth. 2000 Jun; 27(2): 120-6

IS: 0730-7659

PY: 2000

LA: English

AB: BACKGROUND: Comprehensive case management is a multidisciplinary, community-based service often available to Medicaid-eligible women. The purpose of the study was to identify the variety of maternal outcomes, other than birth outcomes, attributable to comprehensive prenatal case management. METHOD: This qualitative study used a social ecological approach. Twenty-four women were interviewed about the outcomes they experienced as a result of comprehensive prenatal case management. ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS was used for data reduction. The participants' mean age was 25.4 (SD = 8.4) years, with an average parity of 1.9 (SD = 1.1). Fifteen participants (68%) had a 12th grade education or less. Ethnic minorities were included in the sample. Eleven participants (47%) worked at least part-time, although 23 (98%) were receiving Medicaid and 21 (88%) were receiving the Women, Infants, and Children's (WIC) supplementary nutrition program. RESULTS: The women attributed improvements of various types to the actions of the case manager, specifically in the areas of emotional well-being, learning, lifestyle behaviors, financial situation, services utilization, and maternal and infant physical health. CONCLUSION: Case management appeared to have immediate effects on the women, as well as intermediate effects, such as changes in lifestyle behaviors and services utilization. The women attributed those changes to having a healthy pregnancy.

AN: 21149622

Record 11 of 65 in MEDLINE(R) on CD 1998 Part B

TI: Risking for protection: discourses around 'safe sex' among Chilean, Turkish and second-generation Greek women living in Melbourne, Australia.

AU: Gifford,-S-M; Bakopanos,-C; Dawson,-M-T; Yesilyurt,-Z

SO: Ethn-Health. 1998 Feb-May; 3(1-2): 95-116

IS: 1355-7858

PY: 1998

LA: English

AB: The aim of this study was to identify the ways in which women from Turkish, second-generation Greek and Chilean backgrounds living in Melbourne, Australia, understand risks to their sexual health with a focus on STDs including HIV/AIDS. Data were derived from in-depth qualitative interviews with 20 women from each ethnic group (N = 60). Interviews were guided by a theme list, conducted in the woman's language of preference, tape-recorded and fully transcribed. Transcripts were double coded for key themes and analysed using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS. The key findings are that for many women, reducing the risk of STDs to protect their physical health introduces risks to their social health and to the well-being of their family and community. Thus, women place priority over the protection of their social health as opposed to their physical health. Despite specific cultural differences in understandings of sexual health risks and illnesses, all women shared gendered commonalities in the ways in which they contextualise STDs within the wider context of social relationships and their everyday life. We conclude by arguing for interventions that specifically take into account social models of risk in STD and HIV/AIDS prevention and we consider the practical implications of this for harm reduction strategies in multicultural societies such as Australia.

AN: 98338255

Record 12 of 65 in MEDLINE(R) on CD 1995

TI: Integrating qualitative and quantitative research methods: a research model.

AU: Sells,-S-P; Smith,-T-E; Sprenkle,-D-H

SO: Fam-Process. 1995 Jun; 34(2): 199-218

IS: 0014-7370

PY: 1995

LA: English

AB: A historical antagonism between proponents of qualitative methods and quantitative methods has prevented recognition of the benefits to be gained by employing both methods (that is, a multi-method approach) during the same study or program of studies. Increasingly, family therapy researchers have begun to recognize the value of a multi-method approach in bridging the current gaps among theory, research, and practice. However, current writings have yet to move beyond the discussion stage. This article proposes a bidirectional continuum that includes both qualitative and quantitative methods. An ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS approach is presented to illustrate the procedural stages of this continuum. The article ends with a discussion of the challenges in carrying out a bidirectional, multi-method approach and the potential contributions that an integrative research methodology will give both researchers and clinicians.

AN: 96070320

Record 13 of 65 in CINAHL (R) Database 1982-1998

TI: Client-centred aspects of clinical reasoning during an initial assessment using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

AU: Mew-MM; Fossey-E

SO: Australian-Occupational-Therapy-Journal (AUST-OCCUP-THER-J) 1996 Sep-Dec; 43(3/4): 155-66 (38 ref)

SI: A75900000

PY: 1996

AB: The client-centred approach used in occupational therapy is basic to the profession's philosophy and the way in which therapists think about their clients. Documentation of client-centred clinical reasoning is needed to validate this approach and to identify its place in occupational therapy practice. This qualitative single case study explores the client-centred aspects of one therapist's clinical reasoning while using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, a client-centred assessment. Recordings of an assessment interview and the therapist's subsequent reflections on her clinical reasoning during the interview were analysed using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS. Three aspects of client-centred reasoning are discussed: collaboration to define problems and negotiate therapy goals; the therapist's acknowledgement of the client's feelings; and the therapist's understanding of the client. This study proposes several areas for research, particularly the need to define client-centred practice in occupational therapy and to examine the extent and consistency of therapists' collaborations with their clients for meaningful and effective therapy.

MJ: *Occupational-Therapy; *Clinical-Assessment-Tools; *Critical-Thinking; *Patient-Centered-Care

MN: Case-Studies; Canada-; Interviews-; Cerebral-Vascular-Accident-Rehabilitation; Qualitative-Studies; Collaboration-; Adult-; Female-

IN: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

DT: journal-article; case-study; research; tables-charts

LA: English

AN: 1997012476

Record 14 of 65 in CINAHL (R) Database 1982-1998

TI: The unbroken cord: the experience of infant relinquishment through adoption

AU: Lauderdale-JL

BK: THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH 1992 PH.D. (204 p)

PY: 1992

AB: This descriptive, exploratory study was designed to develop an understanding of women's experiences with infant relinquishment through adoption. Twelve women participated in the study. In this society, the single pregnant woman considering adoption has two acceptable alternatives: (a) closed adoption or (b) open adoption. The adoption type chosen by women had a profound impact on how they experienced infant relinquishment. Participation in either type affected the women's attitudes and their management of their pregnancies. Also affected was their decision to relinquish and their view of life following relinquishment. Through the use of field research employing ethnographic techniques content analysis, the process of relinquishment developed from the following four major themes: "Alone, Afraid, and Pregnant" encapsulated the mother's reactions to her attitudes and solitary feelings about the pregnancy; "What To Do, What To Do: Deliberating Relinquishment" involved weighing the pros and cons of relinquishment, initiating an adoption type, and complying with the decision; and "I Really Am A Mother: The Hospital Experience" described the conflict and disappointment experienced by the woman as the result of delivering a baby but not being treated like a "mother" by family, friends, or hospital staff. The issue of choice of adoption type was central to these three thematic descriptions. The fourth theme, "The Unbroken Cord: Living With Relinquishment," represented how the experience changed the course of the women's lives in terms of career, relationships, and families. All participants expressed a desire for a future reunion with their child as they have come to gradually acknowledge and accept the relinquishment as a "necessary loss." Towards a model, a conceptual portrait of the relinquishing birthmother, was developed from the data analysis.

MJ: *Adoption-Psychosocial-Factors; *Single-Parent-Psychosocial-Factors; *Parent-Infant-Bonding; *Decision-Making

MN: Descriptive-Research; Exploratory-Research; Ethnography-; Content-Analysis; Field-Studies; Maternal-Attitudes; Life-Experiences; Infant-Newborn; Pregnancy-; Female-

DT: doctoral-dissertation; research

LA: English

AN: 1994194498

ON: UMI Order #PUZ9226185

Record 15 of 65 in CINAHL (R) Database 1999-2000

TI: Women's perceptions of outcomes of prenatal case management

AU: Issel-LM

SO: Birth (BIRTH) 2000 Jun; 27(2): 120-6 (40 ref)

SI: B19985000

PY: 2000

AB: Background: Comprehensive case management is a multidisciplinary, community-based service often available to Medicaid-eligible women. The purpose of the study was to identify the variety of maternal outcomes, other than birth outcomes, attributable to comprehensive prenatal case management. Method: This qualitative study used a social ecological approach. Twenty-four women were interviewed about the outcomes they experienced as a result of comprehensive prenatal case management. ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS was used for data reduction. The participants' mean age was 25.4 (SD = 8.4) years, with an average parity of 1.9 (SD = 1.1). Fifteen participants (68%) had a 12th grade education or less. Ethnic minorities were included in the sample. Eleven participants (47%) worked at least part-time, although 23 (98%) were receiving Medicaid and 21 (88%) were receiving the Women, Infants, and Children's (WIC) supplementary nutrition program. Results: The women attributed improvements of various types to the actions of the case manager, specifically in the areas of emotional well-being, learning, lifestyle behaviors, financial situation, services utilization, and maternal and infant physical health. Conclusion: Case management appeared to have immediate effects on the women, as well as intermediate effects, such as changes in lifestyle behaviors and services utilization. The women attributed those changes to having a healthy pregnancy.

MJ: *Maternal-Attitudes; *Prenatal-Care; *Case-Management-In-Pregnancy; *Nursing-Outcomes

MN: Funding-Source; Qualitative-Studies; Interviews-; Convenience-Sample; Texas-; Descriptive-Statistics; Audiorecording-; Content-Analysis; Health-Services-for-the-Indigent; Constant-Comparative-Method; Maternal-Attitudes-Evaluation; Nursing-Models-Theoretical; Pregnancy-; Female-

DT: journal-article; research; tables-charts

LA: English

AN: 2000054304

Record 16 of 65 in CINAHL (R) Database 1999-2000

TI: An exploration of nursing decision making as a component of nurses' work: cognitive process, nurses' decisions, and factors influencing decision making

AU: Boblin-Cummings-S

BK: UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO (CANADA) 1996 PH.D. (276 p)

PY: 1996

AB: This dissertation explored nursing decision making as depicted within descriptions of nurses' work. A conceptual framework organized around three components guided data collection, coding, and analysis, and was modified by findings. The three components were: Cognitive Process (Diagnosis, Therapy Selection, and Evaluation), Nurses' Decisions, and Factors influencing decision making (Characteristics of the Patient, Disease/treatment, Environment, and Nurse). ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS identified the presence/absence of elements (component characteristics) within descriptions of nursing work. Concept mapping was used as a supplemental analysis strategy. Data were collected from Key Documents (Nursing Workload Measurement Systems (NWMS), Pay Equity documents, and Nursing Standards) and Key Informants (focus groups of registered nurses). Analysis revealed that NWMS, Pay Equity documents, and Nursing Standards did not completely capture Cognitive Process, Nurses' Decisions, or Factors whereas such elements were present within the focus group data. The most striking findings of this research were: (a) During Therapy Selection, nurses considered risks, benefits, preferences and values of the family, nurse, and organization in addition to the patient, causing a revision of the view of the nurse as an agent of the patient only when making decisions. (b) Although previous descriptions considered decision making to be finished with the decision of what intervention was needed (What Decisions), Key Informants placed more emphasis on determining how to implement their selected interventions. These Implementation (How) Decisions included: Who? How Much? When? Where? and How? The omission of Implementation (How) Decisions from Key Documents suggests that current systems for describing and measuring nursing work do not capture the decisions by nurses made in determining how best to provide care. (c) Factors influencing decision making included not only those suggested by the initial conceptual framework, but also Relationships, Authority Issues, Decision Characteristics, and Physician Characteristics. Analysis suggested that Implementation decisions were influenced by these latter factors, whereas What Decisions were influenced by characteristics of the patient, disease/treatment, nurse, and environment. Implications of this finding extend to cost-effectiveness: cost-effective nursing care could be enhanced by optimizing those factors that promote nursing decision making and minimizing those that serve as barriers.

MJ: *Registered-Nurses; *Decision-Making-Clinical-Evaluation; *Cognition-Evaluation

MN: Canada-; Conceptual-Framework; Ethnographic-Research; Content-Analysis; Concept-Mapping; Focus-Groups; Research-Instruments

IN: Nursing Workload Measurement Systems (NWMS); Pay Equity Documents; Nursing Standards

DT: doctoral-dissertation; research

LA: English

AN: 2000035864

ON: UMI Order #PUZNN18857

Record 17 of 65 in CINAHL (R) Database 1999-2000

TI: Critical elements in the process of decision making: a nursing perspective

AU: Boblin-Cummings-S; Baumann-A; Deber-R

SO: Canadian-Journal-of-Nursing-Leadership (CAN-J-NURS-LEADERSH) 1999 Jan-Feb; 12(1): 6-13 (45 ref)

SI: 100888575

PY: 1999

AB: Decision making is a fundamental element of nursing work, one that is essential to understand as organizations explore cost effective ways to deliver quality health care. While the importance of decision making has been well articulated, previous descriptions of nursing work have had difficulty describing completely this cognitive component. This paper identifies critical elements within the process of nursing decision making that have not been addressed adequately within current decision making frameworks. In this exploratory research, nursing personnel described their work; qualitative content analysis was used to categorize components of nursing decision making within these descriptions. Revealed are complex nursing decisions that occur after the selection of nursing intervention, and prior to the implementation of that intervention. These decisions address the complex network of interactions involved with enactment of the nursing role, the repertoire of leadership skills such as collaboration, negotiation, and delegation required to elicit the involvement of other individuals; discretionary decisions made in the allocation of resources; priority setting; and strategizing. These findings have implications for nursing competency and quality of care, cost-effective delivery of health care, and nursing education.

MJ: *Nurses-; *Decision-Making-Clinical; *Nursing-Interventions; *Health-Care-Delivery

MN: Exploratory-Research; Ethnographic-Research; Content-Analysis; Semi-Structured-Interview; Purposive-Sample; Focus-Groups; Concept-Mapping; Nursing-Administration-Research

DT: journal-article; research; tables-charts

LA: English

AN: 1999059478

Record 18 of 65 in CINAHL (R) Database 1999-2000

TI: Proxy, health, and personal care preferences: implications for end-of-life care

AU: Aikman-PJ; Thiel-EC; Martin-DK; Singer-PA

SO: Cambridge-Quarterly-of-Healthcare-Ethics (CAMBRIDGE-Q-HEALTHC-ETHICS) 1999 Spring; 8(2): 200-10 (31 ref)

SI: SR0072221

PY: 1999

MJ: *Health-Status; *HIV-Infections-Psychosocial-Factors; *Living-Wills-Psychosocial-Factors; *Terminal-Care-Psychosocial-Factors; *Advance-Directives

MN: Funding-Source; Decision-Making; Female-; Life-Support-Care; Male-; Middle-Age; Patient-Education; Quality-of-Life; Questionnaires-; Research-Subject-Recruitment; Research-Instruments; Interviews-; Data-Analysis-Software; Comparative-Studies; Prospective-Studies; Descriptive-Statistics; Canada-

IN: ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS

DT: journal-article; research; tables-charts

LA: English

AN: 1999041571

Record 19 of 65 in PsycINFO 1999-2001/12

AN: 2001-18322-002

DT: Journal-Article

TI: The first time/das erstes mal: Approaches to virginity loss in U. S. and German teen magazines. .

AU: Carpenter,-Laura-M

SO: Youth-and-Society. 2001 Sep; Vol 33(1): 31-61

PB: US: Sage Publications Inc.

IS: 0044-118X

PY: 2001

LA: English

AB: Notes that cross-national studies link mass media presentation of sexuality to different patterns of adolescent sexual socialization and conduct but have not analyzed media texts in detail. Using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, the author evaluated 76 stories about virginity loss--a key sexual transition--from 1 German and 1 US teen magazine. Consistent with culture-specific approaches to teen sexuality, editors at both publications made similar recommendations for virginity loss, but German editors portrayed suggested practices as more appealing and feasible. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: virginity loss; teen magazines; adolescent sexual socialization; Germany; US

MJ: *Cross-Cultural-Differences; *Magazines-; *Psychosexual-Behavior; *Socialization-; *Virginity-

MN: Adolescent-Development

Record 20 of 65 in PsycINFO 1999-2001/12

AN: 1999-03899-002

DT: Journal-Article

TI: The assessment of parenting in the child welfare practice.

AU: Kaehkoenen,-Paeivi

SO: Children-and-Youth-Services-Review. 1999 Jul; Vol 21(7): 581-603

PB: US: Elsevier Science Inc.

IS: 0190-7409

PY: 1999

LA: English

AB: Analyzed how parenting, parent-child relationship, and factors affecting parental care were assessed in the child welfare practice during the placement process in Jyvaeskylae, Finland. The sample was comprised of 44 children (mean age 5.5 years old) from 32 families. Case records were assessed using the ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS. The results indicated that assessments of parenting and factors affecting parental care were unsystematic and unplanned. The documentation on parenting was rare and concentrated more on parents and their problems than on the quality of the parent-child relationship. The study recommends systematized assessment methods in Finland and a definition of parenting and the dimensions of the parent-child relationship. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: parenting and parent-child relationship and factors affecting parental care in child welfare practices, families with children aged 0-12, Finland

MJ: *Child-Welfare; *Parent-Child-Relations; *Parental-Role; *Protective-Services

MN: Family-Members

Record 21 of 65 in PsycINFO 1996-1998

AN: 1999-00668-004

DT: Journal-Article

TI: Risking for protection: Discourses around "safe sex" among Chilean, Turkish and second-generation Greek women living in Melbourne, Australia.

AU: Gifford,-Sandra-M; Bakopanos,-Christine; Dawson,-Maria-Teresa; Yesilyurt,-Zeynep

SO: Ethnicity-and-Health. 1998 Feb-May; Vol 3(1-2): 95-116

PB: United Kingdom: Carfax Publishing Ltd.

IS: 1355-7858

PY: 1998

LA: English

AB: Identified the ways in which women from Turkish, 2nd generation Greek and Chilean backgrounds living in Melbourne, Australia, understand risks to their sexual health with a focus on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) including HIV/AIDS. Data were derived from in-depth qualitative interviews with 20 women from each ethnic group ( N = 60). Interviews were guided by a theme list, conducted in the woman's language of preference, tape-recorded and fully transcribed. Transcripts were double coded for key themes and analyzed using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS. The key findings are that for many women, reducing the risk of STDs to protect their physical health introduces risks to their social health and to the well-being of their family and community. Thus, women place priority over the protection of their social health as opposed to their physical health. Despite specific cultural differences in understandings of sexual health risks and illnesses, all women shared gendered commonalities in the ways in which they contextualize STDs within the wider context of social relationships and their everyday life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: understanding sexual risks and protection, Turkish vs 2nd generation Greek vs Chilean female adults, Australia

MJ: *Adult-Attitudes; *Cross-Cultural-Differences; *Human-Females; *Prevention-; *Sexual-Risk-Taking

Record 22 of 65 in PsycINFO 1996-1998

AN: 1997-95005-165

DT: Dissertation-Abstract

TI: Transitions to parenthood: A narrative study of intergenerational issues and family identity.

AU: Bolea,-Patricia-Stow

SO: Dissertation-Abstracts-International-Section-A:-Humanities-and-Social-Sciences. 1997 Mar; Vol 57(9-A): 4128

IS: 0419-4209

PY: 1997

UM: AAM9706451

LA: English

AB: Although there has been considerable study of family life events and transitions over the last two decades, the primary emphasis of these investigations has been based on biological or social-psychological models of stress and family interaction. Traditionally, these studies are conducted by outsider observations, surveys, and questionnaires. These studies have largely failed to explore the subjective aspects of experience from phenomenological or hermeneutic perspectives, neglecting to inquire about subjective states of self from the perspective of the individual. The qualitative research process is used to investigate the experience of couples who have transitioned from young adulthood to parenthood. A sample of parents were asked to 'tell us the story of how you became a family'. Within the analysis of the interview transcripts is a particular focus on individual and family identity and connections to others, including intergenerational issues. What do parents report regarding their own identity? How are these families defining a family heritage together for themselves? How is family identity formation communicated in their stories of 'how did we become a family?' What if any is the influence or contribution of family of origin and kinship groups? What are the experiences of these parents as they describe their acclimation to these major transitions in their lives? ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS was used to examine three areas: Individual Identity, Family Identity, and Connections to Others. Individual identity, coded description of self, revealed parents' insights into their struggles with vocational issues. Family identity, or the ways families define themselves and communicate their shared character, was evidenced by responses in four codes: dating and marriage relationship; family beliefs; expectations, hopes, and plans; and critical events. The nature of parents' connections to others was described in data coded: extended family relationships, kinship groups, intergenerational themes, and cultural ties and traditions. The narrative method and the concept of family identity has the potential to assist both clinicians and researchers in efforts to understand family development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: Transitions to parenthood: A narrative study of intergenerational issues and family identity

MJ: *Family-; *Intergenerational-Relations; *Parental-Role; *Self-Concept

MN: Parents-

Record 23 of 65 in PsycINFO 1996-1998

AN: 1997-03336-002

DT: Journal-Article

TI: Spanish language television news portrayals of youth and violence in California.

AU: Chavez,-Vivian; Dorfman,-Lori

SO: International-Quarterly-of-Community-Health-Education. 1997; Vol 16(2): 121-138

PB: US: Baywood Publishing Co., Inc.

IS: 0272-684X

PY: 1997

LA: English

AB: Describes the intersection of Latinos, violence, and Spanish language TV news media, as well as portrayals of youth and violence on Spanish news. The authors also compared Spanish with English portrayals. An ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS was conducted on 36 complete broadcasts on Spanish language stations in California. Findings reveal that local Spanish language TV news stories on youth and/or violence are framed thematically (with a social, political, and economic context) three and a half times more often than English language local TV news. Results highlight the importance of engaging the Spanish media in future health promotion efforts. Public health advocates can share information related to the socioeconomic factors associated with violence and outline policy and programmatic solutions with Spanish language journalists. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: TV news portrayals of youth and violence, Spanish vs English broadcasts, US

MJ: *Cross-Cultural-Differences; *News-Media; *Television-; *Violence-

Record 24 of 65 in PsycINFO 1996-1998

AN: 1997-03303-007

DT: Journal-Article

TI: Client-centred aspects of clinical reasoning during an initial assessment using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.

AU: Mew,-Melissa-M; Fossey,-Ellie

SO: Australian-Occupational-Therapy-Journal. 1996 Sep-Dec; Vol 43(3-4): 155-166

PB: Australia: Blackwell Scientific Publications Pty Ltd.

IS: 0045-0766

PY: 1996

LA: English

KP: client-centered aspects of therapist's clinical reasoning during interview, adult female with physical disability, case study

MJ: *Clinical-Judgment-Not-Diagnosis; *Occupational-Therapy; *Physical-Disorders; *Reasoning-; *Therapeutic-Processes

MN: Case-Report

Record 25 of 65 in PsycINFO 1996-1998

AN: 1996-95017-206

DT: Dissertation-Abstract

TI: Everyday ideas about gang membership and gang violence: An ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS.

AU: Hirsch,-Cynthia-Ann

SO: Dissertation-Abstracts-International:-Section-B:-The-Sciences-and-Engineering. 1996 Sep; Vol 57(3-B): 2139

IS: 0419-4217

PY: 1996

UM: AAM9622654

LA: English

AB: This qualitative study examined the ideas and beliefs of ordinary citizens regarding the cause of gang membership, the advantages and disadvantages of such membership, as well as preventive interventions. Verbatim transcripts of audio recordings of semi-structured, in-depth interviews with adults and adolescents who live in lower income neighborhoods in San Antonio, Texas, were coded and examined for patterns and trends. The study participants reported that on the one hand adolescents become gang members because they perceive it as an advantage for them to do so. On the other hand, they are also influenced by peer pressure, lax parental discipline, lack of parental attention, and family problems. Reasons for leaving a gang or not becoming involved, included perceived disadvantages (possible harm to self or others, desertion by gang members and legal consequences of gang behavior), maturation, as well as peer, family and extended family influences. The interventions chosen by the study participants were influenced by their explanations for gang membership. These included: family and extended family involvement, harsher punishment, counseling, and parent education programs, in addition to recreational activities and church involvement. The study participant's theories of causation and prevention were compared to those of social scientists and implications for new, as well as existing programs were discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: views about causes and advantages and disadavantages of gang membership and gang violence and preventive interventions, adults and adolescents in lower income neighborhoods

MJ: *Attribution-; *Group-Participation; *Juvenile-Gangs; *Social-Perception; *Violence-

MN: Impression-Formation; Peer-Pressure

Record 26 of 65 in PsycINFO 1992-1995

AN: 1998-11045-002

DT: Journal-Article

TI: Who owns the group? The role of worker control in the development of a group: A qualitative research study of practice.

AU: Sullivan,-Nancy

SO: Social-Work-with-Groups. 1995; Vol 18(2-3): 15-32

PB: US: Haworth Press Inc.

IS: 0160-9513

PY: 1995

LA: English

AB: Presents an application of the qualitative research methodology of ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS as a means to discover the salient features and nature of a social work group. Observational data from process recordings of a 30-wk group of mothers at a child guidance center are systematically analyzed. A number of issues are addressed: (1) the need to explore and further articulate the role of worker vis-a-vis the dynamic of mutual aid in social work groups, particularly in regard to the concept of exercising "control;" (2) the applicability of qualitative research methodology as a means of conceptualizing aspects of group work practice, thus contributing to our theory base and knowledge and tools for practice; and (3) the wealth of data for such research lying available in the written recordings of every group practitioner, and the natural logic that the development of theory in social work with groups comes most aptly from the practice domain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: use of qualitative content analysis methodology to study role of worker and nature and development of social work with groups

MJ: *Group-Counseling; *Group-Development; *Methodology-; *Social-Casework

MN: Content-Analysis

Record 27 of 65 in PsycINFO 1992-1995

AN: 1996-92409-001

DT: Journal-Article

TI: Integrating qualitative and quantitative research methods: A research model.

AU: Sells,-Scott-P; Smith,-Thomas-Edward; Sprenkle,-Douglas-H

SO: Family-Process. 1995 Jun; Vol 34(2): 199-218

PB: US: Family Process Inc.

IS: 0014-7370

PY: 1995

LA: English

AB: Suggests that there are benefits to be gained by employing both qualitative and quantitative methods (i.e., a multi-method approach) during the same study or program of studies. Family therapy researchers have begun to recognize the value of a multi-method approach in bridging the current gaps among theory, research, and practice. A bidirectional continuum is proposed that includes both qualitative and quantitative methods. An ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS approach is presented to illustrate the 16 procedural stages of this continuum. The challenges of carrying out a bidirectional, multi-method approach and the potential contributions that an integrative research methodology will give both researchers and clinicians are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned)

KP: bidirectional multimethod approach to family therapy research incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods

MJ: *Experimental-Methods; *Family-Therapy

Record 28 of 65 in PsycINFO 1992-1995

AN: 1995-40258-001

DT: Journal-Article

TI: Stress and grief of a perinatal loss: Integrating qualitative and quantitative methods.

AU: Thomas,-Volker; Striegel,-Phil

SO: Omega:-Journal-of-Death-and-Dying. 1994-1995; Vol 30(4): 299-311

PB: US: Baywood Publishing Co., Inc.

IS: 0030-2228

PY: 1994, 1995

LA: English

AB: Examined how 26 mothers and 24 fathers grieved 2 wks after losing a baby by miscarriage or stillbirth. Ss completed couple interviews and measures of bereavement, depression, stress, and couple variables (cohesion, adaptability, communication, satisfaction, and partner support). ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS revealed 12 themes related to the resources, meaning of the stressful event, and coping strategies of R. Hill's (1949) ABC-X stress model. Mothers and fathers had bonded with the baby/fetus during early stages of pregnancy. Partner support was a successful coping strategy derived from interpersonal aspects of defining the meaning of the death. Fathers' levels of bereavement and depression were lower than mothers' levels, though fathers grieved for their wives by trying to "hold it together." Interpersonal aspects of the meaning of the loss helped mothers compensate for intrapersonal aspects of the meaning and develop coping strategies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned)

KP: stress and coping and meaning in bereavement following loss of baby by miscarriage or stillbirth, mothers vs fathers

MJ: *Fathers-; *Grief-; *Mothers-; *Parental-Attitudes; *Spontaneous-Abortion

MN: Coping-Behavior; Death-and-Dying; Meaning-; Stress-

Record 29 of 65 in PsycINFO 1992-1995

AN: 1995-10521-001

DT: Journal-Article

TI: ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of couple and therapist perceptions in a reflecting team setting.

AU: Smith,-Thomas-Edward; Sells,-Scott-P; Clevenger,-Theodore

SO: Journal-of-Marital-and-Family-Therapy. 1994 Jul; Vol 20(3): 267-286

PB: US: American Assn for Marriage and Family Therapy.

IS: 0194-472X

PY: 1994

LA: English

AB: An ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS examined couple and therapist perspectives about the use and value of reflecting team practice in marital therapy. Postsession ethnographic interviews from 11 couples and 5 therapists were examined over a 4-mo period for the frequency of themes in 7 categories that emerged from a previous ethnographic study. Selection of Ss was by opportunistic sampling strategy; information was gathered by personal interview or group discussion. The study demonstrated that quantitative numerical data and qualitative narrative data can examine the same phenomenon from multiple perspectives and allow for greater accuracy and stability in study findings. ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS is briefly contrasted with conventional modes of quantitative content analysis to illustrate its usefulness and rationale for discovering emergent patterns, themes, emphases, and process using both inductive and deductive methods of inquiry. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned)

KP: ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, examination of couple and therapist perceptions of reflective team practice in marital therapy, 21-51 yr old clients and their therapists

MJ: *Client-Attitudes; *Content-Analysis; *Ethnography-; *Marriage-Counseling; *Therapist-Attitudes

MN: Teams-

Record 30 of 65 in PsycINFO 1992-1995

AN: 1995-10517-001

DT: Journal-Article

TI: An ethnography of couple and therapist experiences in reflecting team practice.

AU: Sells,-Scott-P; Smith,-Thomas-Edward; Coe,-Mary-J; Yoshioka,-Marianne; et-al

SO: Journal-of-Marital-and-Family-Therapy. 1994 Jul; Vol 20(3): 247-266

PB: US: American Assn for Marriage and Family Therapy.

IS: 0194-472X

PY: 1994

LA: English

AB: Couple and therapist perspectives about the use and process of team practice were analyzed using ethnographic research. A domain analysis was performed on postsession interviews from both couples and therapists and on field notes from each therapist. Seven couples and 5 therapists were interviewed at least twice over a 4-mo period concerning their reactions to and perceptions of reflecting team practice. Six domains concerning reflecting team practice emerged from the analysis: benefits of its use, effects of gender, recommended use, contraindicated use, the importance of creating spatial separateness between couple and team members, and sequences of communication between the couple and team members that elicited change. The latter 2 domains described the process of reflecting team practice. The role of ethnography in reflecting team practice and in family therapy research is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)(unassigned)

KP: use and process of reflecting team practice in couples therapy, reactions and perceptions, 21-51 yr old clients and their therapists, application of ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS

MJ: *Couples-Therapy; *Ethnography-; *Psychotherapeutic-Techniques; *Teams-

MN: Client-Attitudes; Couples-; Psychotherapists-; Therapist-Attitudes

Record 31 of 65 in PsycINFO 1992-1995

AN: 1994-98688-006SEE PREVIOUS CHAPTER SEE NEXT CHAPTER

DT: Chapter

TI: The changing meanings of spanking.

AU: Davis,-Phillip-W

BK: Best, Joel (Ed). (1994). Troubling children: Studies of children and social problems. Social problems and social issues. (pp. 133-153). Hawthorne, NY, US: Aldine de Gruyter; Hawthorne, NY, US: Aldine de Gruyter. vi, 253 pp.SEE BOOK

IB: 0202304914 (hardcover, US); 0202304922 (paperback, US)

PY: 1994

LA: English

AB: (from the chapter) compare the traditional defense of spanking with the emergent criticism of spanking, identifying the claims and counterclaims spanking's advocates and critics have made in the popular press since mid-century / link both formulations to wider cultural influences / argue that the debate over spanking has become more complex in its themes and vocabularies / my research strategy involves an ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS . . . of newspaper and popular magazine articles that either focus on spanking or consider spanking in the course of discussing something else (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2000 APA, all rights reserved)

KP: ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of traditional defense vs contemporary criticism of spanking

MJ: *Ethnography-; *History-; *Punishment-

MN: Childrearing-Practices

Record 32 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: The First Time/Das Erstes Mal: Approaches to Virginity Loss in U.S. and German Teen Magazines

AU: Carpenter,-Laura-M.

IN: Johns Hopkins School Hygiene & Public Health, Baltimore, MD

SO: Youth-and-Society; 2001, 33, 1, Sept, 31-61.

DT: aja Abstract-of-Journal-Article

LA: English

PY: 2001

AB: Cross-national studies link mass media presentation of sexuality to different patterns of adolescent sexual socialization & conduct but have not analyzed media texts in detail. Using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, the author evaluates 76 stories about virginity loss - a key sexual transition - from one German & one US teen magazine. Consistent with culture-specific approaches to teen sexuality, editors at both publications made similar recommendations for virginity loss, but German editors portrayed suggested practices as more appealing & feasible. 2 Tables, 1 Appendix, 75 References. Adapted from the source document

DEM: *Mass-Media-Images (D497500); *Sexuality- (D764400); *Socialization- (D805500); *Virginity- (D906300); *Adolescents- (D008400); *Magazines- (D481500); *Popular-Culture (D646500); *United-States-of-America (D890700); *Federal-Republic-of-Germany (D294900)

AN: 200200984

Record 33 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: Avoiding the 'Boogeywoman' Label: Managing the Public Image of the Elite Female Athlete

AU: Chananie,-Ruth-A.

IN: Dept Sociology, Middle Tennessee State U, Murfreesboro 37132 [tel: 615-904-8343; e-mail: chananie1@hotmail.com]

AS: Society for the Study of Social Problems (SSSP). 2001.

DT: asp Association-Paper

LA: English

PY: 2001

AB: The "boogeywoman" label that elite level female athletes try to avoid is that of lesbian. Although the stigma of being female & being athletic has diminished, women who play sport at national & Olympic levels, especially team sport that involves body contact, are constrained in their freedom of gender & sexual orientation expression due to their dependence on corporate funding & fan support. Therefore, these athletes need to maintain a feminized & heterosexualized public image. This study examines how gender & sexual orientation are defined, created, & managed by the athletes & the journalists who write about them by using a qualitative, ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of magazine articles featuring individual sportswomen who play basketball, soccer, ice hockey, & football at elite levels.

DEM: *Females- (D296700); *Athletes- (D055200); *Stigma- (D834600); *Lesbianism- (D457200); *Sports-Participation (D826200); *Sex-Role-Orientations (D759600); *Sex- (D757800); *Sexuality- (D764400)

AN: 2001S40312

Record 34 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: Risking for Protection: Discourses around 'Safe Sex' among Chilean, Turkish, and Second-Generation Greek Women Living in Melbourne, Australia

AU: Gifford,-Sandra-M.; Bakopanos,-Christine; Dawson,-Maria-Teresa; Yesilyurt,-Zeynep

IN: School Nutrition & Public Health, Faculty Health & Behavioral Sciences, Deakin U, 221 Burwood Hwy, Victoria 3125, Australia

SO: Ethnicity-and-Health; 1998, 3, 1-2, Feb-May, 95-116.

DT: aja Abstract-of-Journal-Article

LA: English

PY: 1998

AB: Identifies how women from Turkish, second-generation Greek, & Chilean backgrounds living in Melbourne, Australia, understand risks to their sexual health with a focus on sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), eg, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Data were derived from in-depth qualitative interviews with 20 women from each ethnic group (total N = 60). Transcripts were double coded for key themes & analyzed using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS. Findings revealed that, for many women, reducing the risk of STDs to protect their physical health introduces risks to their social health & to the well-being of their family & community. Thus, women place priority over the protection of their social health as opposed to their physical health. Despite specific cultural differences in understandings of sexual health risks & illnesses, all women shared gendered commonalities in how they contextualize STDs in the wider sphere of social relationships & their everyday life. Interventions that specifically consider social models of risk in STD & HIV/AIDS prevention are recommended, & practical implications of this for harm reduction strategies in multicultural societies such as Australia are discussed. 53 References. Adapted from the source document

DEM: *Females- (D296700); *Venereal-Diseases (D900600); *Acquired-Immune-Deficiency-Syndrome (D006400); *Sexual-Behavior (D761400); *Discourse- (D221400); *Risk- (D720000)

DES: Melbourne,-Australia (D508900); Middle-Eastern-Cultural-Groups (D521150); European-Cultural-Groups (D275400); Latin-American-Cultural-Groups (D448500); Health- (D351000); Well-Being (D916500)

AN: 99W32062

Record 35 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: The Social Construction of Faculty Self-Presentations on Their Annual Professional Activities Reports

AU: Sehested,-Glenda-J.

IN: U Colorado, Boulder 80309

SO: Dissertation-Abstracts-International,-A:-The-Humanities-and-Social-Sciences; 1996, 57, 2, Aug, 870-A.

NT: Available from UMI, Ann Arbor, MI. Order No. DA9620663.

DT: dis Dissertation

LA: English

PY: 1996

DEM: *College-Faculty (D146400); *Self-Presentation (D752200); *Social-Constructionism (D783200); *Impression-Management (D384900); *Job-Performance (D420300); *Occupational-Achievement (D578400)

AN: 9701620

Record 36 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: From the Child Welfare Trap to the Foster Care Trap

AU: Kahkonen,-Paivi

IN: Family Research Unit U Jyvaskyla, SF-40351 Finland

SO: Child-Welfare; 1997, 76, 3, May-June, 429-445.

DT: aja Abstract-of-Journal-Article

LA: English

PY: 1997

AB: The inclusion of mother, father/partner, & child(ren) in child welfare practice during the placement process is examined via ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of case records for 44 children in 32 families in Jyvaskyla, Finland. Findings show that social workers worked with mothers as the main clients, while fathers/partners & children were less visible. The construct of the foster care trap was introduced to highlight the fact that, eventually, mothers also were neglected by workers; after placement of the child, social workers focused on the foster family. As a result, along with the parent-child relationship breakdown, marital relationships faltered as well, destroying the family to which the child might eventually be returned. 1 Table, 2 Figures, 32 References. Adapted from the source document

DEM: *Child-Welfare-Services (D123300); *Social-Work (D803400); *Client-Relations (D138900); *Placement- (D630000); *Foster-Care (D310200); *Parent-Child-Relations (D603900)

DES: Social-Workers (D804300); Social-Work-Cases (D803700); Finland- (D302700)

AN: 97W27793

Record 37 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: Who Owns the Group? The Role of Worker Control in the Development of a Group: A Qualitative Research Study of Practice

AU: Sullivan,-Nancy

IN: 2 Elton Cresent, Etobicoke Ontario M8W 2X8

SO: Social-Work-with-Groups; 1995, 18, 2-3, 15-32.

DT: aja Abstract-of-Journal-Article

LA: English

PY: 1995

AB: Presents an application of the qualitative research methodology of ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS as a means to discover the salient features & nature of a social work group. Observational data from process recordings of a group of mothers (N unspecified) at a child guidance center are systematically analyzed. A number of issues are addressed: the need to explore & further articulate the role of worker vis-a-vis the dynamic of mutual aid in social work groups, particularly in regard to the concept of exercising control; the applicability of qualitative research methodology as a means of conceptualizing aspects of group work practice, thus contributing to the theory base & knowledge & tools for practice; & the wealth of data for such research available in the written recordings of every group practitioner, & the natural logic that the development of theory in social work with groups comes most aptly from the practice domain. 15 References. Adapted from the source document

DEM: *Group-Work (D342000); *Social-Work (D803400); *Social-Workers (D804300); *Content-Analysis (D171450); *Qualitative-Methods (D687200)

AN: 9615638

Record 38 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: Life Stories: A Practice-Based Research Technique

AU: Harold,-Rena-D.; Palmiter,-Margaret-L.; Lynch,-Susan-A.; Freedman-Doan,-Carol-R.

IN: School Social Work Michigan State U, East Lansing 48824

SO: Journal-of-Sociology-and-Social-Welfare; 1995, 22, 2, June, 23-43.

DT: aja Abstract-of-Journal-Article

LA: English

PY: 1995

AB: Social work, like many other practice-based professions, has historically been concerned about the discontinuity between practice & research. This discontinuity is frequently reduced to a debate between qualitative & quantitative methodology, placing the profession in a dilemma & further alienating practitioners. Described here is a qualitative data collection & analysis process - life story technique - discussing how it was used in a large-scale study in a midwestern urban community exploring issues of family development. The use of open-ended story telling & ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS are recommended for use in practice & in practice-based research. Adoption practice & chemical dependency settings are presented as other examples. 3 Figures, 26 References. Adapted from the source document

DEM: *Social-Work (D803400); *Midwestern-States (D521700); *Urban-Areas (D892200); *Methodology-Data-Collection (D516776); *Theory-Practice-Relationship (D864500); *Family-Power (D287100)

AN: 9514688

Record 39 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: The Social Production of Fresh Air Charity Work, 1870-1930

AU: Carpenter,-Cheryl-Lee

IN: Syracuse U, NY 13244

SO: Dissertation-Abstracts-International,-A:-The-Humanities-and-Social-Sciences; 1995, 56, 1, July, 361-A.

NT: Available from UMI, Ann Arbor, MI. Order No. DA9516441.

DT: dis Dissertation

LA: English

PY: 1995

DEM: *Altruism- (D026700); *Volunteers- (D908700); *Urban-Areas (D892200); *Low-Income-Groups (D475500)

AN: 9513152

Record 40 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of Couple and Therapist Perceptions in a Reflecting Team Setting

AU: Smith,-Thomas-Edward; Sells,-Scott-P.; Clevenger,-Theodore

IN: School Social Work Florida State U, Tallahassee 32306

SO: Journal-of-Marital-and-Family-Therapy; 1994, 20, 3, July, 267-286.

DT: aja Abstract-of-Journal-Article

LA: English

PY: 1994

AB: Postsession ethnographic interviews with 11 couples & 5 therapists were content analyzed for the frequency of themes in 7 categories that emerged from a previous ethnographic study of reflecting teams (Sells, Scott, P., et al [see abstract in this section of SOPODA 17:2). Results demonstrate that quantitative numerical data & qualitative narrative data can examine the same phenomenon from multiple perspectives & allow for greater accuracy & stability in findings. ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS is briefly contrasted with conventional modes of quantitative content analysis to illustrate its usefulness & rationale for discovering emergent patterns, themes, emphases, & process using both inductive & deductive methods of inquiry. 1 Table, 1 Figure, 48 References. Adapted from the source document

DEM: *Methodology-Data-Analysis (D516763); *Teams- (D855000); *Couples- (D180900); *Therapists- (D864600); *Perceptions- (D618000); *Treatment-Outcomes (D878350); *Practitioner-Patient-Relationship (D651600)

AN: 95W21616

Record 41 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: Defining Disaster: Local Constructions for Recovery in the Aftermath of Chemical Contamination

AU: Aronoff,-Marilyn; Gunter,-Valerie

IN: Dept Sociology Michigan State U, East Lansing 44824

SO: Social-Problems; 1992, 39, 4, Nov, 345-365.

DT: aja Abstract-of-Journal-Article

LA: English

PY: 1992

AB: Local social constructions of agency are explored in an ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of 200 stories published in the Gratiot County Herald (Mich) weekly newspaper 1973-1982 related to a toxic crisis in which local problems were linked to statewide chemical contamination of the human food chain. These data were supplemented by interviews (N not specified) with local residents & local & state officials. In contrast to widely reported community disempowerment following technological disasters, the newspaper accounts of local activity in Gratiot County reflect a resilient response in which area interests worked to resolve contamination problems without destroying the social fabric of local life. County leaders defined local capacity in activities that defended local interests, displayed efficacy in dealings with outsiders, & shaped a unified countywide response to the crisis. A constructivist analysis clarifies local officials' assessments of the benefits of working within the system for redress. This response is interpreted within the critical framework of structuration theory in order to examine the costs of this strategy in replicating the county's vulnerable position in the larger political-economic framework. 3 Tables, 66 References. Adapted from the source document

DEM: *Toxic-Substances (D872700); *Community-Organizations (D155100); *Michigan- (D518700); *Structuration- (D837475); *Verbal-Accounts (D901100)

AN: 93Z9150

Record 42 of 65 in Sociological Abstracts 1986-2002/03

TI: Soviet Impression Management: The Role of Novosti Press Agency

AU: Turpin,-Jennifer-E.

IN: Dept Sociology California State U, Long Beach 90840-4606 [Tel: 213-985-7549]

AS: American Sociological Association (ASA). 1991.

NT: Complete paper available from Sociology*Express. Prepaid orders only. Telephone: (800) 752-3945 or (619) 695-8803. Fax: (619) 695-0416. E-mail: info@mail.socabs.com

DT: asp Association-Paper

LA: English

PY: 1991

AB: A historical examination of Soviet publications by Novosti Press Agency (NPA) directed toward an English-speaking audience. Both the direction of Soviet rhetoric & the development of the press agency are analyzed in relation to their sociohistorical context. A social-psychological approach to the analysis of political discourse is combined with an examination of the structural conditions in the bureaucracies of both NPA & Soviet society at large. NPA publications provide a unique data set with which to explore the manner in which Soviet officials present Soviet policy positions to the non-Soviet world. Methodologically, the project involves an ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of Soviet publications in light of the historical developments relevant to Soviet relations with the non-Soviet world. How the chronology of events affected Soviet media presentation & the intended effects of that presentation on the political dynamics of the period are addressed. Because NPA publications are designed explicitly for impression management, they provide a reliable source of information about how Soviet political elites wish to be perceived by the world community.

DEM: *Impression-Management (D384900); *Union-of-Soviet-Socialist-Republics (D888300); *Newspapers- (D563400); *Psychosocial-Factors (D678800)

AN: 91S25486

Record 43 of 65 in Social Work Abstracts 1977-2002/03

AN: 35187

TI: From the child welfare trap to the foster care trap.

AU: Kahkonen-P

AD: Family Research Unit, Dept. of Psychology, Univ. of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland

SO: Child-Welfare. 76(3): 429-45, May/June 1997.

PY: 1997

AB: This study analyzed the visibility of mother, father/partner, and child(ren) in child welfare practice during the placement process, using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of case records. Little information concerning the quality of the parent-child relationship before the placement of the child was found. Social workers worked with mothers as the main clients, while fathers/partners and children were less visible in case handling than the mothers. The construct of the foster care trap was introduced to highlight the fact that eventually mothers were also neglected by the workers; after the placement of the child, social workers focused on the foster family. Along with the parent-child relationship breakdown, marital relationships broke down as well. (Journal abstract.)

DE: Child-welfare; Foster-care

Record 44 of 65 in Social Work Abstracts 1977-2002/03

AN: 33532

TI: Who owns the group? The role of worker control in the development of a group.

AU: Sullivan-N

AD: Faculty of Social Work, Univ. of Toronto, 246 Bloor St. W., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada

SO: Social-Work-with-Groups. 18(2/3): 15-32, 1995.

PY: 1995

AB: This study presents an application of the qualitative research methodology of ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS as a means to discover the salient features and nature of a social work group. Observational data from process recordings of a thirty-week group of mothers at a child guidance center are systematically analyzed. This study addresses a number of issues: (1) the need to explore and further articulate the role of worker vis-a-vis the dynamic of mutual aid in social work groups, particularly in regard to the concept of exercising 'control;' (2) the applicability of qualitative research methodology as a means of conceptualizing aspects of group work practice, thus contributing to the theory base and knowledge and tools for practice; and (3) the wealth of data for such research lying available in the written recordings of every group practitioner, and the natural logic that the development of theory in social work with groups comes most aptly from the practice domain. (Journal abstract.)

DE: Social-work; Group-design; Qualitative-research; Methodology-

Record 45 of 65 in Social Work Abstracts 1977-2002/03

AN: 33008

TI: Life stories: a practice-based research technique.

AU: Harold-R.D; Palmiter-M.L; Lynch-S.A; Freedman-Doan-C.R

AD: School of Social Work, Michigan State Univ., 232 Baker Hall, East Lansing 48824

SO: Journal-of-Sociology-and-Social-Welfare. 22(2): 23-43, June 1995.

PY: 1995

AB: Social work, like many other practice-based professions, has historically been concerned about the discontinuity between practice and research. This discontinuity is frequently reduced to a debate between qualitative and quantitative methodology, placing the profession in a dilemma and further alienating practitioners. This study describes a qualitative data collection and analysis process as it was in a large-scale study exploring issues of family development. The use of open-ended story telling and ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS are recommended for use in practice and in practice-based research. Adoption practice and chemical dependency settings are presented as examples. (Journal abstract.)

DE: Social-work-research; Family-functioning; Social-work-practice; Data-collection

Record 46 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 2001-2002/03

TI: A microethnography of secondary traumatic stress in hospice culture

AU: White-Sanford-Dale

LA: ENGLISH

AB: Despite interest in those in harm's way and the recognition that those who help survivors are often traumatized in the process, relatively little is known about this secondary traumatization process. Moreover, there is a need to understand the traumatic aspects of grief and loss as well as the grievous aspects of loss in trauma. This study helps to fill these gaps. Hospice practitioners (n = 10) were interviewed relative to their perceptions of Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) by the use of ethnographic research methods (e.g., case studies; focus groups). Data collection was triangulated by administration of two instruments: the Compassion Fatigue/Satisfaction Self-Test (CF/SST) and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS). Field research was conducted on site at an urban hospice facility. Focus group interviews were moderated by the researcher after permission was secured for audiotaping and transcribing. The researcher used ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS to analyze data for emergent patterns and themes. Questions guiding the research process focused on participants, perceptions of (a) major sources of STS; (b) most effective methods for coping with STS; and (c) most satisfying aspects of their work as helping professionals. Results, in terms of the guiding questions, indicated that, (a) while sources included individual and client-related factors, organizational stressors (e.g., institutional changes; supervisory procedures) were reported as major concerns; (b) while organizational coping methods (e.g., support groups; staff retreats) were reported, the most effective coping methods included both individual (e.g., meditating; gardening) and social support (e.g., team concept; peer support) components; and (c) the most satisfying aspects of work included sharing the perception of hospice as a calling, and facilitating a peaceful death for the patient in the family system. The study produced evidence that all participants experienced STS symptoms at below or above clinical thresholds, depending upon individual scores. Results further indicated that Compassion Satisfaction, universally reported by participants, may have a mitigating effect on STS. Implications for practice and research are discussed. Although generalization of findings is limited due to non-random sampling, findings elucidate the theoretical conceptualization of STS against the backdrop of grief and loss.

SO: VOLUME 62-05A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 1945

NO: AAI3014366

Record 47 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 2001-2002/03

TI: The effects of changes in the rhetoric of the deaf culture upon hearing playwrights in the twentieth century

AU: Schimmel-Kathryn-M

LA: ENGLISH

AB: Many changes occurred during the twentieth century with regard to the respect and understanding of the Deaf culture and the Deaf community within both the Deaf and hearing communities. These changes are reflected in the rhetoric utilized by the Deaf community and by the entities with which it is closely affiliated. The study investigated whether the general hearing population reflected those rhetorical changes in its dramatic literature. This researcher looked specifically at scripts written by hearing playwrights for predominantly hearing audiences containing at least one prelingually deaf character to ascertain whether the rhetoric in the scripts reflected the shifts of linguistic change pertaining to the Deaf community.

In order to understand this process of change, the century was divided into three sections based upon events that significantly impacted the manner in which the Deaf culture and community referred to and understood itself. These periods are: (1) the time of the Supremacy of Oralism from 1900–1959; (2) the Civil Rights Era from 1960–March 1988; and (3) the Deaf President Now Protest and its consequences from March 1988–1999.

Rhetorical changes in three categories of “Language”, “Identity”, and “Pathology/Disability” were examined utilizing ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS. This methodology combines quantitative and qualitative methods allowing the researcher to remain interactive with the data while producing a replicable study. The results revealed that dramatic literature for the general hearing population reflected rhetorical changes pertaining to the Deaf community with the exception of the Deaf President Now time period. As there is only one script representing this era, future studies may reveal that the effects of the Deaf President Now Protest will become evident after the turn of the century. The results also indicated that the time period in which a script is set has a greater rhetorical influence than when it was written.

SO: VOLUME 61-12A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 4619

NO: AAI9999678

Record 48 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 2001-2002/03

TI: Perpetuating myth: Newspapers and the stereotyping of single mothers on welfare

AU: Blank-Libra-Janet-Dawn

LA: ENGLISH

AB: Poverty experts have time and again described the press as an institution that has fed through its story-telling the myths surrounding welfare recipients, particularly single mothers on welfare. This dissertation responds to the following central question: Do the news media contribute to myths about single mothers on welfare? Through the use of ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, reportage on welfare reform during the year prior to the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 was analyzed in an attempt to reveal the way in which four newspapers, the <italic>Chicago Tribune</italic>, the <italic>Washington Post</italic>, the <italic>Los Angeles Times</italic> and the <italic>Houston Chronicle</italic>, characterized single mothers on welfare. This dissertation shows that there is truth to the accusations of poverty experts, for analysis revealed that single mothers on welfare were characterized in the stories as flawed and therefore responsible for their poverty. Labeling, narrative, and socialization theories enabled understanding of the newspaper stories' portrayal of single mothers on welfare in the United States. The study showed that myth was invigorated by the reportage and concluded that reportage included stereotypes for the following reasons: (a) Reporters relied on known stereotypes embedded in myths; (b) Reporters offered a view of welfare—one that held single mothers as flawed and therefore responsible for their poverty—that was influenced by institutional interests; (c) Reporters gravitated toward conservative sources and consequently allowed pro-reform voices to function in a more influential way; (d) Reporters failed to indict the economic system in the United States in what may have been an effort to protect self-interests.

SO: VOLUME 61-08A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 2966

NO: AAI9982038

Record 49 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 2001-2002/03

TI: Making themselves known: Girls' WWW homepages as virtual vehicles for self-disclosure

AU: Stern-Susannah-Roberta

LA: ENGLISH

AB: Recent literature has pointed to a shortage of places for adolescent girls to publicly yet safely engage in self-narrative. This study examined personal World Wide Web (WWW) home pages as one auspicious location for some girls to speak. I employed ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, a unique type of qualitative analysis, to analyze the personal WWW home pages of ten girls between the ages of 14 and 17. Altogether, these ten home pages comprised over 600 screens.

The girls' home pages in this study suggested that, fundamentally, they served as vehicles for self-disclosure. Self-disclosure, a concept originating in psychology, describes the process by which people share personal information about themselves with others. The girls' home pages evidenced disclosure in the service of five functions, as described by Buhrmester & Prager (1995). These included self-clarification, self-expression, social validation, relationship development, and social control.

The home pages ultimately suggested that the girls disclosed online to reach an audience, and subsequently, to make themselves known. Their home pages allowed the girls to envision multiple audiences and to disclose more freely than in more conventional disclosure vehicles. Girls' willingness to disclose and explore their developing identities online demonstrated their agency as resilient media producers.

The findings established the transferability of a psychological framework to mass media productions and added to our growing understanding of self-presentation online. The study also study illuminated how WWW home page research introduces new ethical dilemmas for researchers, including how to regard authors' anonymity, and how to react to intimate home page disclosure.

SO: VOLUME 61-07A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 2507

NO: AAI9979488

Record 50 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: EVERYDAY IDEAS ABOUT GANG MEMBERSHIP AND GANG VIOLENCE: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS

AU: HIRSCH-CYNTHIA-ANN

LA: ENGLISH

The study participants reported that on the one hand adolescents become gang members because they perceive it as an advantage for them to do so. On the other hand, they are also influenced by peer pressure, lax parental discipline, lack of parental attention, and family problems.

Reasons for leaving a gang or not becoming involved, included perceived disadvantages (possible harm to self or others, desertion by gang members and legal consequences of gang behavior), maturation, as well as peer, family and extended family influences.

The interventions chosen by the study participants were influenced by their explanations for gang membership. These included: family and extended family involvement, harsher punishment, counseling, and parent education programs, in addition to recreational activities and church involvement.

The study participant's theories of causation and prevention were compared to those of social scientists and implications for new, as well as existing programs were discussed.

SO: VOLUME 57-03B OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 2139

NO: AAI9622654

Record 51 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF FACULTY SELF-PRESENTATIONS ON THEIR ANNUAL PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES REPORTS

AU: SEHESTED-GLENDA-J

LA: ENGLISH

AB: This research project examines the annual Professional Activities Report (filed by faculty at most universities) as a presentation of self and as a sociality constructed reality. Professional Activities Reports filed by a sample of 94 faculty members between 1984 and 1988 are analyzed. ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS methodology is used to examine both the content (i.e. relative emphasis placed on scholarship, teaching, and service) and the style of their self-presentations on these essentially bureaucratic documents. The research also assumes that the impression readers receive of an individual faculty member depends heavily on how the report is read and interpreted; therefore reports are analyzed in terms of a number of different "readings" that can be made. Major findings include the following: (1) In most of the various readings of the documents, approximately 2/3 of the faculty present themselves as being primarily scholars (or researchers). (2) Faculty use a wide variety of impression management techniques in writing their Reports with 40% of them "maximizing' their use of the Report to make a positive self-presentation and 80% using styles that are categorized as "Slippery Eels", "Blatant Boasters" or "Subtle Horn-Tooters". (3) Subtle gender differences are evident, with female faculty being somewhat more likely to emphasize teaching in their professional self-presentations. (4) Gender differences also appear in the analysis of style, with females somewhat less likely to "maximize" their use of the report and significantly less likely to use a "Blatant Boasters" style of self-presentation. The empirical findings should be useful to faculty as they write their own annual Reports and to both faculty and administrators as they read and interpret the Reports written by others. The subtle gender differences uncovered here can help to advance our sociological understanding of how sex differentiation is translated into sex stratification and the analysis is therefore useful in helping us move toward a fuller understanding of the complex causes of gender inequality among university faculty.

SO: VOLUME 57-02A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 870

NO: AAI9620663

Record 52 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: THE SOCIAL PRODUCTION OF FRESH AIR CHARITY WORK, 1870-1930

AU: CARPENTER-CHERYL-LEE

LA: ENGLISH

AB: Using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of print media texts and drawings, this dissertation explores the social production of Fresh Air Charity Work (FACW) in the years 1870-1930. A movement within charity circles, FACW was organized around providing country and sea air to the urban poor via day trips to the sea or extended vacations to the country.

Affected by wider trends in scientific charity, FACW became increasingly professionalized between 1870 and 1930. Debates within charity circles affecting and influencing FACW were not just over the social control of the targets of reform, but over the control of each other as well. The forms and contents of FACW texts suggest they addressed a pressure to prove that they provided the right kind of contact for the urban poor. The texts did this through using forms of science such as theory and evidence and answering to the concerns of scientific charity. In combination these strategies resulted in a Fresh Air Charity Science. FACW science explains, theorizes, and attests to the necessity, value, and effectiveness of the content of FACW. Through FACW science FACW's deservedness is established. However, the charity's deservedness is also closely tied to the constructed deservedness of the people it serves. Receivers are constructed as victims of their surroundings and givers are constructed as heroes and heroines who in playing a part in the miraculous transformation of innocent victims, save and change the lives of victims by providing positive contact with the people and surroundings provided by the Fresh Air experience. Although entrepreneurs of professional FACW called for "scientific" rather than "sentimental" charity, sentiment was deployed in order to meet the scientific charity demands for deserving poor and the financial and social support demands for heroic givers.

The analysis reveals patterns in the way the sentimentalization of the child, notions of arcadia, and definitions, explanations, and proposed solutions to poverty were resources for those creating documents about FACW. FACW texts, in turn, reproduced these discourses. FACW not only reproduced these discourses, but in so doing also reproduced the social order of its time.

SO: VOLUME 56-01A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 361

NO: AAI9516441

Record 53 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROVERSIES, NEWS MEDIA, AND THE STATE: THE CASE OF SYNTHETIC ORGANIC PESTICIDES IN THE 1940S, 1950S, AND 1960S

AU: GUNTER-VALERIE-JAN

LA: ENGLISH

AB: This dissertation reports on an in-depth case study of actions undertaken by government agencies and officials in connection with the controversy that occurred over the use of synthetic organic pesticides from the period of their first initial widespread use in war-related efforts (mid-1940s) through the years immediately following the 1962 publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring (the 1960s). The theoretical arguments presented in this work were developed through an ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of primary and secondary source material. Two primary lines of argument are advanced, one pertaining to the ability of government agencies and officials to influence the nature, dynamics, and outcomes of environmental controversies, the second pertaining to the direction of the influence. It is argued that government agencies and officials exercise an inordinate amount of influence over environmental controversies, due both to their symbiotic relationship with news media (which results in wider media dissemination of their claims and actions relative to those of other claimsmakers) and the fact that the state constitutes the primary institutional sphere through which solutions to environmental problems have been sought. A content analysis of the New York Times' coverage of pesticides during the time immediately following the publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring (mid-1962 through 1964) documents the interdependent affiliation of government agencies and the news. With respect to the role of the state in environmental issues, most sociological work suggests that government agencies and officials respond to emerging or existing environmental controversies in ways designed to avoid, contain, or defuse those controversies. While these elements occur in the present case, there are also many instances where government actions contributed to conflict expansion. Theoretical insights drawn from institutionalist works on the state and the literature on agenda setting are used to explain how environmental controversies may actually create opportunities for government agencies and officials to advance organizational, career, and personal goals.

SO: VOLUME 55-12A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 4011

NO: AAI9512060

Record 54 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: WOMEN'S RIGHTS: RESTRICTING OR LIBERATING? AN ANALYSIS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS ON "THE CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOME N" (UNITED NATIONS)

AU: HORN-JODY-DENISE

LA: ENGLISH

AB: Women traditionally use the strategy of attaining more rights to achieve more justice in their lives. This dissertation focuses on the effectiveness of this strategy. To uncover how women's rights are socially constructed, a discourse analysis examines the testimonies in three U.S. Congressional hearings concerning ratification of the international women's human rights treaty, the U.N. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women.

Feminist critical theory informs the model for the analysis of social discourse. The analysis merge feminist method, ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS, and thematic analysis. The testimonies of all 73 testifiers are examined from three approaches: the type of discourse advanced (expert, oppositional, or reprivatization), the discursive sites (languages, vocabularies, paradigms, and narratives), and the focus of the discourse (satisfaction or interpretation). Using these approaches, liberating from restricting rights discourses are distinguished.

The findings uncover two prominent narratives: the Proponents' Story and Opponents' Story. Each story contributes to shaping and constructing the reality of women's rights in the United States. Those telling the Proponents' Story favor ratification of the treaty and women having more rights (specifically, economic, social, and cultural rights). In contrast, those telling the Opponents' Story are against ratification and women having more rights.

Only 15% of those telling the Proponents' Story could be classified as speaking from a liberating rights discourse. The major finding is that 77%, or 56 testifiers, supportive of the treaty speak in restricting rights discourse. Eight percent telling the Opponents' Story speak in a restricting rights discourse and speak against ratification. To promote a liberatory social transformation for women, it is critical to employ a liberating rights discourse because women are involved in the interpretation of their own rights and needs. To continue to argue for rights in a restricting rights discourse is a self-defeating strategy for women.

SO: VOLUME 55-04A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 1122

NO: AAI9424838

Record 55 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: EMERGING THEMES AND PATTERNS OF INFORMATION-BASED TEACHER EDUCATION CURRICULA IN RESPONSE TO NCATE STANDARDS

AU: TURNER-SUSAN-S

LA: ENGLISH

AB: While technological changes in society and the workplace influence the need for an information literate citizenry with sophisticated abilities to analyze, adapt, and interact in an abstract computing milieu, reforms in teacher education have not been linked to these changes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether themes, interrelationships, or patterns of information-based attributes needed for students to achieve information literacy skills were emerging across selected teacher education programs and individual specialty studies. The study analyzed the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) Standards and the responses of ten Institutional Reports selected for their diverse representation of teacher education models.

Qualitative inquiry and ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS were used to discover emergent themes of information-based education. The inductive process of constant comparison with the documents and the interactive analysis of information-based attributes resulted in a three-level coding process for interpreting the emerging phenomenon. Information resources attributes (Code Level One) and related action attributes (Code Level Two) were identified and coded. Information resources attributes were used to link more abstract affective/facilitative information-based attributes (Code Level Three) with other curricular attributes associated with learning and teaching.

The information-based attributes found in the NCATE standards and the Institutional Reports showed no evidence of a cohesive or central focus for information-based teacher education curricula. The information-based attributes that did emerge ranged from concrete information resources to relationships linking resources with other curricular components. The attributes reflected the application and development of information resources as teaching/learning tools. Evidence also suggests that more complex and abstract information-based attributes at Code Level Three (i.e., Affective/ Facilitative) are occurring in some specialty studies as well. Occurrences of complex information-based attributes appeared to be the result of the specific application of individual institutions rather than as a result of the NCATE standards. These occurances resulted in some rich data as seen by the information-based attributes in the selected teacher education programs reflecting the Process, Liberal Education and Values Models.

SO: VOLUME 54-01A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 150

NO: AAI9314601

Record 56 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: THE MEDIA AND MORAL REFORM: THE "NEW YORK TIMES" AND AMERICAN PROHIBITION

AU: ROUSE-TIMOTHY-PATRICK

LA: ENGLISH

AB: This dissertation develops an understanding of the press' role in framing American Prohibition as a social problem. By situating the analysis in the historical context of early twentieth-century America, various cultural and economic elites are understood as key players who influence the New York Times' coverage.

The study begins with historical accounts of the temperance movement and prohibitionists and moves to a social history of newspapers in the United States. These historical accounts set the stage for answering the questions of "how" and "why" the Times covered this phenomenon.

To further assist in answering the question, two mass media models are employed in the research process. Manipulative and markets models are implemented to explain how news is selected and presented. These models provide explanations as to why prohibition coverage was framed in an ideology of deviance and social problems. Manipulative theorists hold that news is a phenomenon to be uncovered in the interests of the public good. News is a social construction. Market theorists hold that news is a natural phenomenon that should be reported in an objective manner. News is discovered and what is reported are stories that should interest the public.

An ethnographic qualitative content analysis has been useful in developing themes of prohibition coverage that enable the models to be used in determining findings. Such an approach offers an interpretive analysis to the thematic meanings of prohibition.

Findings reveal that the press played a crucial role in assisting the expansionists tendencies of key prohibition-period political and economic elites. Prohibition coverage focused attention first, on the problems of enforcing temperance and later, on the social problems due to enforcement costs and lawlessness. Mostly, capitalists with expansionists tendencies were supported by the media in assuring that law and order would prevail and state violence by workers would be avoided.

Given the research findings, several propositions are forwarded that address how ideological hegemony in the media operates in a capitalist economy.

SO: VOLUME 53-12A OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 4492

NO: AAI9311402

Record 57 of 65 in Dissertation Abstracts 1992-1996

TI: THE UNBROKEN CORD: THE EXPERIENCE OF INFANT RELINQUISHMENT THROUGH ADOPTION

AU: LAUDERDALE-JANA-LEE

LA: ENGLISH

AB: This descriptive, exploratory study was designed to develop an understanding of women's experiences with infant relinquishment through adoption. Twelve women participated in the study.

In this society, the single pregnant woman considering adoption has two acceptable alternatives: (a) closed adoption or (b) open adoption. The adoption type chosen by women had a profound impact on how they experienced infant relinquishment. Participation in either type affected the women's attitudes and their management of their pregnancies. Also affected was their decision to relinquish and their view of life following relinquishment.

Through the use of field research employing ethnographic techniques content analysis, the process of relinquishment developed from the following four major themes: "Alone, Afraid, and Pregnant" encapsulated the mother's reactions to her attitudes and solitary feelings about the pregnancy; "What To Do, What To Do: Deliberating Relinquishment" involved weighing the pros and cons of relinquishment, initiating an adoption type, and complying with the decision; and "I Really Am A Mother: The Hospital Experience" described the conflict and disappointment experienced by the woman as the result of delivering a baby but not being treated like a "mother" by family, friends, or hospital staff. The issue of choice of adoption type was central to these three thematic descriptions. The fourth theme, "The Unbroken Cord: Living With Relinquishment," represented how the experience changed the course of the women's lives in terms of career, relationships, and families. All participants expressed a desire for a future reunion with their child as they have come to gradually acknowledge and accept the relinquishment as a "necessary loss." Towards a model, a conceptual portrait of the relinquishing birthmother, was developed from the data analysis.

SO: VOLUME 53-04B OF DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL. PAGE 1786

NO: AAI9226185

Record 58 of 65 in Periodical Abstracts Research II Edition with Fulltext 1997 Part 2

TI: From the child welfare trap to the foster care trap

AU: Kahkonen-Paivi

SO: Child-Welfare. May 1997; v76n3: 429-445

DT: Journal-Article

PY: 1997

AB: Kahkonen analyzed the visibility of mother, father/partner and children in child welfare practice during the placement process, using ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of case records. The construct of the foster care trap was introduced to highlight the fact that after the placement of the child, social workers focused on the foster family.

DE: Child-welfare; Social-services; Foster-care

TXI: yes

AN: 02957321

Record 59 of 65 in Periodical Abstracts Research II Edition with Fulltext 1996 Part 1

TI: Visualizing America's drug problems: An ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of illegal drug stories on the nightly news

AU: Jernigan-David; Dorfman-Lori

SO: Contemporary-Drug-Problems. Summer 1996; v23n2: 169-196

DT: Journal-Article

PY: 1996

AB: In the 24 stories on illegal drugs that played on US network news on 36 randomly selected days in 1990, the main emphasis was on the War on Drugs, presented in terms of "us vs. them," with foreigners (particularly Latin Americans) and African Americans cast in the role of "them." A content analysis of network news reports on illegal drugs is presented.

DE: Drug-abuse; Demographics-; News-media; Minority-and-ethnic-groups

AN: 02726229

Record 60 of 65 in Periodical Abstracts Research II Edition with Fulltext 1994

TI: ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of couple and therapist perceptions in a reflecting team setting

AU: Smith-Thomas-Edward; Sells-Scott-P; Clevenger-Theodore

SO: Journal-of-Marital-and-Family-Therapy. Jul 1994; v20n3: 267-286

DT: Journal-Article

PY: 1994

AB: In a study, an ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS was used to examine couple and therapist perspectives about the use and value of reflecting team practice.

DE: Social-research; Teamwork-; Families-and-family-life; Therapy-; Perceptions-

TXI: yes

AN: 01867300

Record 61 of 65 in Social Sciences Full Text 1/98-12/99

TI: Noisy winter: the DDT controversy in the years before Silent spring

AU: Gunter,-Valerie-J; Harris,-Craig-K

SO: Rural Sociology v 63 no2 June 1998. p. 179-98

PY: 1998

LA: English

AB: The writers discuss three unexpected findings from a social constructionist analysis of popular media coverage of the pesticide DDT in the years 1944 to 1961. Based on historical research using secondary source material and reports published in the New York Times, the analysis was developed through the use of ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS. The first unexpected finding was the early appearance, in 1945, of negative or cautionary claims in the New York Times about the effects of DDT. The next was that although negative or cautionary claims about the pesticide did constitute a minority voice during this time period, it was nevertheless a persistent voice. The last unanticipated finding was the predominance of the Department of Agriculture and the State Agricultural Experiment Stations among those claimsmakers who at first warned potential users about unintended and potentially harmful effects of DDT. The writers assess the potential impact of this coverage on the subsequent development of the DDT controversy.

DE: Carson,-Rachel,-1907-1964; United-States-Dept-of-Agriculture-History; New-York-times; Attitudes-toward-the-environment; DDT-Insecticides-Toxicology; Content-analysis-Communication; Environmental-news; Agricultural-research-United-States-History

DT: Feature-Article

AN: 199804178000

Record 62 of 65 in Social Sciences Full Text 1/94-12/97

TI: From the child welfare trap to the foster care trap

AU: Kahkonen,-Paivi

SO: Child Welfare v 76 May/June 1997. p. 429-45

PY: 1997

LA: English

DE: Foster-home-care; Parent-and-child; Family-social-work; Child-welfare-Finland

DT: Feature-Article

AN: 199702615900

Record 63 of 65 in Social Sciences Full Text 1/94-12/97

TI: Visualizing America's drug problems: an ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of illegal drug stories on the nightly news

AU: Jernigan,-David; Dorfman,-Lori

SO: Contemporary Drug Problems v 23 Summer 1996. p. 169-96

PY: 1996

LA: English

AB: A study was conducted to examine the portrayal of illegal drugs on U.S. network news. The findings revealed that the news coverage "otherized" the U.S. drug problem in 1990, with the drugs used by and killing most Americans--alcohol and tobacco--receiving little coverage. In addition, the supposed illegal drug epidemic appeared on the evening news as primarily the fault and the scourge of African-Americans and Latin Americans. It is concluded that this television coverage helped it to be a "war on some drugs" and a "war on some populations" but also supported the country's single-minded reliance on punitive approaches to the illegal drug problem.

DE: Narcotics-Control-of-United-States; Attitudes-toward-drug-use; Television-programs-News-programs; Race-attitudes; Ethnocentrism-; Content-analysis-Communication; Drug-abuse-in-television

DT: Feature-Article

AN: 199604379200

Record 64 of 65 in Social Sciences Full Text 1/94-12/97

TI: Who owns the group? The role of worker control in the development of a group: a qualitative research study of practice

AU: Sullivan,-Nancy

SO: Social Work with Groups v 18 no2/3 1995. p. 15-32

PY: 1995

LA: English

AB: This paper presents an application of the qualitative research methodology of ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS as a means to discover the salient features and nature of a social work group. Observational data from process recordings of a thirty-week group of mothers at a child guidance center are systematically analyzed. This paper addresses a number of issues: (l) the need to explore and further articulate the role of worker vis-a-vis the dynamic of mutual aid in social work groups, particularly in regard to the concept of exercising 'control ; (2) the applicability of qualitative research methodology as a means of conceptualizing aspects of group work practice, thus contributing to our theory base and knowledge and tools for practice; and (3) the wealth of data for such research lying available in the written recordings of every group practitioner, and the natural logic that the development of theory in social work with groups comes most aptly from the practice domain. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.

DE: Social-workers-Behavior; Social-group-work; Leadership-; Social-interaction

DT: Feature-Article

AN: 199601838300

Record 65 of 65 in Social Sciences Full Text 1/94-12/97

TI: ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS of couple and therapist perceptions in a reflecting team setting

OT: Augmented title: part of a special section: Qualitative research

AU: Smith,-Thomas-Edward; Sells,-Scott-P; Clevenger,-Theodore

SO: Journal of Marital and Family Therapy v 20 July 1994. p. 267-86

PY: 1994

LA: English

AB: Part of a special section on qualitative research. A study was conducted to examine couple and therapist perspectives concerning the use and value of reflecting team practice. Postsession ethnographic interviews from 11 couples and 5 therapists were analyzed for the frequency of themes in seven categories that emerged from a previous ethnographic study of reflecting teams by Sells et al. that appears in this issue. Findings revealed that quantitative numerical data and qualitative narrative data can examine the same phenomenon from multiple perspectives and permit greater accuracy and stability in study findings. Inductive and deductive methods of inquiry are employed to contrast ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS with conventional modes of quantitative analysis in order to demonstrate the former's utility and rationale for discovering emergent patterns, themes, emphases, and process. .

DE: Family-psychotherapy-Evaluation; Content-analysis-Communication; Mental-health-care-teams

DT: Feature-Article

AN: 199402848100