Call for Papers

 

Surrealism and the American West Conference

 

Arizona State University

Tempe, Arizona

October 26-7, 2006

 

            Recent exhibitions of Max Ernst and Salvador Dali act as poignant reminders of the significant presence of Surrealism in America. Major surveys of the topic appeared in 1995, Martica SawinÕs Surrealism in Exile and the Beginning of the New York School, and Dickran TashjianÕs A Boatload of Madmen, Surrealism and the American Avant-Garde 1920-1950, as well as a related book by W. Jackson Rushing, Native American Art and the New York Avant-Garde, a History of Cultural Primitivism. While Sawin and Tashjian treat the theme broadly, discussion of surrealist activity in American tends to center on New York during the early 1940s.

The purpose of this conference is to shift focus from New York to the American West, and explore the possibility that the West, literally and figuratively, formed as much a nexus of European/American/Native cultural exchange as did New York. Both Ernst and Dali made their way West, albeit for different reasons. Ernst and his wife painter Dorothea Tanning lived and worked for seven years in Sedona, Arizona, while Dali was drawn to Hollywood. Other Surrealists, such as Kurt Seligmann and Wolfgang Paalen traveled or settled in the western U. S. and Mexico, and like AndrŽ Breton and Max Ernst, they avidly collected Native American art.

            A survey of Surrealist art and literature in America from the Ô40s and Ô50s reveals an intense engagement with Native America art and myths. By chance, the anthropologist Claude LŽvi-Strauss traveled to America on the same boat as Breton. In Structural Anthropology, LŽvi-Strauss defines myth as a language which serves to deny contradiction. Possibly the Surrealists gravitated toward myth and Native culture as a means to reconcile their own sense of cultural alienation. Tashjian and Sawin offer insightful and possibly contradictory theories about why the SurrealistsÕ use of myth may have backfired, or, why it was simply usurped by the Abstract Expressionists.

Some European Surrealists brought with them powerful myths from their childhood. Max Ernst, like other young German boys, had immersed himself in Karl MayÕs adventure stories about the exploits of Winnetou and Old Shatterhand. These fictional storiesÑMay never traveled to North AmericaÑcrafted a fantasy of the Òold WestÓ and of relations between white and Native American men. How might MayÕs man-making, quasi-spiritual image of the West linger in the surrealist sensibility? How do these images compare to images of the West constructed in American film and pop culture? 

            We invite papers exploring diverse aspects of the Surrealist sensibility, presence, fascination, and interaction with the myth, landscape, and cultures of the American West. How did women surrealists respond to the hyper-masculinity of the American West? Did the Surrealist fascination with Native culture spawn a new variety of modernist primitivism?  Did the surrealistsÕ obsession with ethnography impact the appreciation of Native American art, or the field of anthropology? What was the legacy of the Surrealists in the West? We are interested in papers that examine diverse aspects of cultural and anthropological history and a wide range of cultural production including film and photography; we encourage papers on American as well as European artists.

We envision an interdisciplinary conference that will include scholars in art history, cultural history, anthropology, or film studies. We will select eleven junior or senior scholars or other qualified writers to present short papers of 20 minutes. These presentations will comprise three panels that will meet throughout the day on Friday, October 27, 2006. We plan to invite a senior scholar who will present a keynote lecture on the evening of Thursday, October 26.

The conference is open to the public. We will make information available to conference participants regarding possible travel to Sedona to see the site of the Max Ernst/Dorothea Tanning House on their own over the weekend. We will also distribute information and a call for papers, unveiling our planned online journal, New World Surrealism.

 

Please email one page abstracts of proposed papers and C.V. to:

 

Prof. Samantha Kavky

bsk10@psu.edu

and

Prof. Claudia Mesch Claudia.Mesch@asu.edu

 

 

by February 1, 2006.