Methods to detect mediation:

Alwin, D. F., & Hauser, R. M.  (1975).  The decomposition of effects in path analysis.  American Sociological Review, 40(1), 37-47.

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.

Bobko, P., & Rieck, A. (1980). Large sample estimators for standard errors of functions of correlation coefficients. Applied Psychological Measurement, 4, 385-398. 

Bollen, K. A.  (1987).  Total direct and indirect effects in structural equation models.  In C. C. Clogg (Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp. 37-69).  Washington DC:  American Sociological Association.

Craig, C. C. (1936). On the frequency function of xy. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 7, 1-15.

Freedman, L. S., & Schatzkin, A. (1992). Sample size for studying intermediate endpoints within intervention trials of observational studies. American Journal of Epidemiology, 136, 1148-1159.

Folmer, H.  (1981).  Measurement of the effects of regional policy instruments by means of  linear structural equation models and panel data.  Environment and Planning A, 13, 1435-1448.

Goodman, L.A. (1960). On the exact variance of products. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 55, 708-713.

James, L. R., & Brett, J. M. (1984). Mediators, moderators and tests for mediation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 307-321. 

Judd, C. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1981). Process Analysis: Estimating mediation in treatment evaluations. Evaluation Review, 5, 602-619.

Krull, J. L., & MacKinnon, D. P. (1999). Multilevel mediation modeling in group-based intervention studies. Evaluation Review, 23, 418-444.

MacKinnon, D. P. (1994). Analysis of mediating variables in prevention and intervention research. In A. Cazares & L. A. Beatty (Eds.), Scientific methods in prevention research. NIDA research monograph 139, (DHHS Pub. No. 94-3631, pp. 127-153).  Washington, DC: U.S. Govt. Print Office.

MacKinnon, D. P., & Dwyer, J. H. (1993). Estimating mediated effects in prevention studies. Evaluation Review, 17, 144-158.

MacKinnon, D. P., Krull, J. L., & Lockwood, C. M. (2000). Equivalence of the mediation, confounding, and suppression effect. Prevention Science, 1, 173-181.

MacKinnon, D. P., Warsi, G., & Dwyer, J. H. (1995). A simulation study of mediated effect measures. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 30, 41-62.

McGuigan, K., & Langholtz, B. (1988). A note on testing mediation paths using ordinary least-squares regression. Unpublished note.

Meeker, W. Q., Cornwell, L. W., & Aroian, L. A. (1981). The product of two normally distributed random variables. In W. J. Kennedy, R. E. Odeh, & J. M. Davenport, Selected tables in mathematical statistics, 7  (pp. 1-256). Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society.

Olkin, I., & Finn, J. D. (1995). Correlations redux. Psychological Bulletin, 118, 155-164.

Olkin, I., & Siotani, M. (1976). Asymptotic distribution of functions of a correlation matrix. In S. Ikeda (Ed.), Essays in probability and statistics (pp. 235-251). Shinko Tsusho: Tokyo.

Sampson, C. B., & Bruenig, H. L. (1971). Some statistical aspects of pharmaceutical content uniformity. Journal of Quality Technology, 3, 170-178.

Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. In S. Leinhardt (Ed.) Sociological Methodology 1982, (pp. 290-312). Washington, DC: American Sociological Association.

Sobel, M. E. (1990). Effect analysis and causation in linear structural equation models. Psychometrika, 55, 495-515.

Springer, M. D., & Thompson, W. E. (1966). The distribution of independent random variables. Journal of SIAM Applied Mathematics, 14, 511-526.

Prevention Studies that use Mediation:

Botvin, G. B., Dusenbury, L., Baker, E., James-Ortiz, S., & Botvin, E. M. (1992). Smoking prevention among urban minority youth: Assessing effects on outcome and mediating variables. Health Psychology, 11, 290-299. 

Bryan, A. D., Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1996). Increasing condom use: Evaluation of a theory-based intervention to prevent sexually transmitted diseases in young women. Health Psychology, 15, 371-382.

Dielman, T. E., Kloska, D. D., Leech, S. L., Schulenberg, J. E., & Shope, J. T. (1992). Susceptibility to peer pressure as an explanatory variable for the differential effectiveness of an alcohol misuse prevention program in elementary schools. Journal of School Health, 62(6), 233-237.

Donaldson, S. I., Graham, J. W., & Hansen, W. B. (1994). Testing the generalizability of intervening mechanism theories: understanding the effects of adolescent drug use prevention interventions. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17(2), 1-22. 

Gillham, J. E., Reivich, K. J., Jaycox, L. H., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1995). Prevention of depressive symptoms in schoolchildren: Two-year follow-up. Psychological Science, 6, 343-351.

Guerra, N. G., & Slaby, R. G. (1990). Cognitive mediators of aggression in adolescent offenders: 2. Intervention. Developmental Psychology, 26, 269-277.

Hansen, W. B., Graham, J. W., Wolkenstein, B. H., Lundy, B. Z., Pearson, J., Flay, B. R., et al. (1988). Differential impact of three alcohol prevention curricula on hypothesized mediating variables. Journal of Drug Education, 18(2), 143-153.

Hansen, W. B., & McNeal, R. B. (1997). How D.A.R.E. works: An examination of program effects on mediating variables, Health Education Behavior, 24(2), 165-176.

MacKinnon, D. P., Johnson, A. J., Pentz, M. A., Dwyer, J. H., Hansen, W. B., Flay, B. R., et al. (1991). Mediating mechanisms in a school-based drug prevention program: First year effects of the midwestern prevention project. Health Psychology, 10, 164-172.

Sanderson, C. A., & Jemmott, J. B. (1996). Moderation and mediation of HIV prevention interventions: Relationship status, intentions, condom use among college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 2076-2099.

Sandler, I. N., West, S. G., Baca, L., Pillow, D. R., Gersten, J. C., Rogosch, F., et al. (1992). Linking empirically based theory and evaluation: The family bereavement program. American Journal of Community Psychology, 20, 491-521.

Spoth, R., Redmond, C., & Shin, C. (1998). Direct and indirect latent-variable parenting outcomes of two universal family-focused preventive interventions: Extending a public health-oriented research base. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 385-399.

van Ryn, M., & Vinokur, A. D. (1992). How did it work? An examination of the mechanisms through which an intervention for unemployed promoted job-search behavior. American Journal of Community Psychology, 20, 577-597.

Vinokur, A. D., & Schul, Y. (1997). Mastery and inoculation against setbacks as active ingredients in the JOBS intervention for the unemployed. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 867-877.

Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Westover, S., Sandler, I. N., Martin, A., Lustig, et al. (1993). The children of divorce parenting intervention: Outcome evaluation of an empirically based program. American Journal of Community Psychology, 21, 293-331.