Questions with subjects and direct objects

What do you do if you want to ask a question about a subject or an object in Russian? Obviously you use the interrogative pronounouns кто ‘who’ and что ‘what’. Here are their forms in three cases:

If you want to ask a question about the subject or direct object of the sentence, you simply put the question the word into subject form (nominative case) or direct object form (accusative case):

Notice that the English and Russian sentences are grammatically equivalent; that is, what is the subject in the English sentence is also the subject in the Russian sentence. The same is true for the direct objects.