COPYRIGHT AND OWNERSHIP ISSUES: PLANNING ON-LINE COURSES
Center for Learning and Teaching Excellence
965-9401
Nancy Tribbensee
Deputy General Counsel
965-4551
trib@asu.edu
CONTENTS
PLANNING ISSUESPLANNING ISSUESWHO OWNS MULTIMEDIA MATERIALS, THE CREATOR OR ASU?
RIGHTS OF THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER
USING MATERIALS CREATED BY OTHERS
SUGGESTED LANGUAGE FOR SYLLABUS
USE OF COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS IN PASSWORD PROTECTED OR SECURE ENVIRONMENT
Compare ownership with right to useReview ABOR Intellectual Property Policy 6-908
http://www.abor.asu.edu/1_the_regents/policymanual/index.html
Evaluate the use of university resources for development and use
Enhance a course with technology to use internallyCreate a product that can be marketed separately
Other considerations:
WHO OWNS MULTIMEDIA MATERIALS, THE CREATOR OR ASU?Permission for materials included in work (e.g., copyright)Accessibility for disabled users
Role of students in course development
Copyright law -
Independently copyrightable contributions
Mutual intentEmployer (ABOR/ASU) is the owner if:Work is created by employee within scope of employmentWork is created under contract (with assignment)
Work is properly documented as a work for hire
ABOR policy provides for ownership
ABOR Policy: ABOR/ASU will own if significant use of university resources
Research fundingFunding allocated for asynchronous or distance learning
Use of university paid time within the employment period
Assistance of support staff
Use of telecommunication services
Use of university central computing resources
Use of instructional design or media production services
Use of research equipment and facilities or production facilities
Academic tradition
Tradition does not address new media (e.g., software, multimedia)
ASU's Intellectual Property Committee is proposing a policy
Institutions may want to exert greater control over:
FormatContent
Use of institutional name, logo, resourcesUse of content owned by third parties
TextMust comply with copyright and other laws (see sample language for syllabus)Music (mechanical and synchronization rights)
Software (may be patent issues also)
Images (copyright, likeness of individuals --privacy and publicity)
Can instructors take the material with them if they change jobs?
Factors:How are revenues shared?Sole authorJoint author
University policy
Individually negotiated agreement
Ownership v. license to use
Nature of intended use
RIGHTS OF THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERJoint authorship under copyright law (without an agreement)Individually negotiated agreement
ABOR policy: university owns, authors share in revenue net associated costs
Author(s) receive minimum of 50% of first net $10,000And minimum of 25% of net in excess of first net $10,000
Copy or reproducePrepare derivative works (e.g., digitize images)
Distribute or market copies
Public performance and display (e.g., electronic)
Moral rights
Can license (e.g., get permission for) some or all of these rights
Public domain works: http://www.unc.edu/~unclng/public-d.htm
USING
MATERIALS CREATED BY OTHERS
Component materialsCopyrightable material: expression, original, fixed in tangible mediumNeed permission to use materials for more than one semester (see electronic reserves)Notice and publication are no longer required
Moral rights: integrity and attribution
For each component, determine need for permission, document permission
Guidelines - narrower than fair use
Fair use - more likely if permission difficult (or outrageously expensive) to get
Character of the useNature of the material copied
Amount and importance of the part copied
Effect on the market for permissions
Materials produced
By faculty: ABOR policy determines ownershipRecord keepingBy production team: To what extent is each contribution copyrightable?
By students: Are they employees or under contract?
Do they have the only copies?
How do you know the work is original?(Unless they are paid by ASU, normally students will own the copyright in their work. This means, for example, we can't post their work on a website without their permission.) Required to maintain records (see retention schedules at university archives) www.asu.edu/lib/archives (Example: grade books)Also need to maintain privacy
SUGGESTED
LANGUAGE FOR SYLLABUS
Students are required to read and act in accordance with university and Arizona Board of Regents policies, including:
The Academic Integrity Policy: http://www.asu.edu/studentlife/judicial/integrity.htmlThe Student Code of Conduct: Arizona Board of Regents Policies 5-301 through 5-308 http://www.abor.asu.edu/1_the_regents/policymanual/index.html#5
The Computer, Internet and Electronic Communications Policy http://www.asu.edu/aad/manuals/acd/acd125.html
In addition, materials posted to websites or distributed in violation of university policy or applicable law, including copyright, trademark and privacy laws may be removed at the discretion of the university.
USE
OF COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS IN PASSWORD PROTECTED OR SECURE ENVIRONMENT
Must follow guidelines for electronic reserves (or obtain written permission):
-Only one copy of any copyrighted item for one semester only. The item cannot be used in a subsequent semester without written copyright permission, which the instructor is responsible for obtaining.
-A copy of one chapter from a work of a single author or copies of not more than three chapters or articles from a collective work or periodical volume may be used over the course of a semester.