English 394--"Writing (in) Cyberspace"

Hyper-Readings Packet

//Bibliographies//Cyberculture//Cyber-Sexual Politics//Hypertext//Virtual Panopticon//
//Virtual Communities//MOOs & MUDs//Cyberdemocracy//Freedom/Censorship//
//Cyberpunks & Cyborgs// History of Cyberspace//TheVirtual Library//

Bibliographies & Other Resources

• Anne Balsamo, Bibliography: Cyberspace, Cyberpunk, Electronic Communication, Postmodernism.
• Cyberculture: An Annotated Bibliography (Resource Center for Cyberculture Studies)Peter Ludlow (State U. of New York, Stone Brook)
• Cyber Culture Bibliography of Books and Theory
• HyperLiterature/HyperTheory HomePage (Virginia Tech)
• Hypertext and Hypermedia: A Select Bibliography (extensive bibliography on this topic
• Internet Interviews (Resource Center for Cyberculture Studies)
• Paperless Papers (essays on computers & writing)
• Readings in Technology and Education features summaries and discussions of eight books by prominent technology and education theorists.
• Related Readings: Text-Based Virtual Reality
• Serials in Cyberspace
• David Silver Exploring TechnoCultureComputers, Society, Pedagogy: An Annotated Bibliography
• Writing and Reading Electronic Texts (short information essays on the structure, design

History of Cyberspace

• Technological Determinism: Special Issue of Computer Mediated Communication Magazine 3:2 (1 February 1996).
• Community Memory - terrific discussion list on the history of cyberspace
• Computer History Association of California (CHAC) .
• History of Computer
• History of IT
• Internet Basics: A Selected Internet Timeline
• Internet History: Sources on the Net - The List
• The Internet's History and Development
• The Media History Project: Promoting the Study of Media History from Petroglyphs to Pixels.
• A History of the Internet - timeline of the development of the Internet.
• PBS History of Internet

Cyberculture

• Bernardo Alexander Attias, "Introduction to Communication and Technology."
• John Perry Barlow Declaration of Independece in Cyberspace
• Barbara Becker, "Virtual Identities: the Imaginary Self" (1997)
• David G.W Birchand S. Peter Buck. "What is Cyberspace?"
• Amy Bruckman (MIT Media Lab) "Finding One's Own Space in Cyberspace" and "Cyberspace is not Disneyland: The Role of the Artist in a Networked World"
• Daniel Chandler, "Shaping and Being Shaped: Engaging with Media," Computer-Mediated Communication Magazine 3:2 (01 February 1996) , "Biases of the Ear and Eye"
• Daniel Chandler, "Technological or Media Determinism"
• Chris Chesher, "Colonizing Virtual Reality: Construction of the Discourse of Virtual Reality, 1984-1992," Cultronix
• Erik Davis. "TechnoPagans". Wired. 3.07 (July 1995)
• Mark Dery . Escape Velocity: CyberCulture at the End of the Century. New York: Grove P, 1996. There's an excellent informative Website to accompany the book.
• Michael E. Doherty Jr. Marshall McLuhan Meets William Gibson in "Cyberspace". CMC Magazine (September 1, 1995): 4.
• Samuel Ebersole, "Media Determinism in Cyberspace" McLuhan's Interview with Playboy (1969)
• Ellen Hume, "Tabloids, Talk Radio, and the Future of News: Technology's Impact on Journalism
• Michael Heim: "The Essence of VR"
• Michael Heim. The Metaphysics of Virtual Reality. NY: Oxford UP, 1993. Here's another chapter from this book "The Erotic Ontology of Cyberspace".
• ---. Virtual Realism. NY: Oxford UP, 1998.
• Ronda Hauben, "The Development of the International Computer Network," in Michael and Ronda Hauben, Netizens: On the History and Impact of the Net (1994).
• Tim Jackson A Prisoner of Hope in Cyberspace
• Arthur Kroker "Digital Humanism: The Processed World of Marshall McLuhan" (CTHEORY)
• ---. with Michael Weinstein, The Hyper-Texted Body, Or Nietzsche Gets a Modem
• ---. and Michael Weinstein. "The Theory of the Virtual Class". In Data Trash. NY: St. Martin's P, 1994.
• Richard A. Lanham, Chapter 4 of The Electronic Word: Democracy, Technology, and the Arts (1993) (U. Chicago Press)
• John M. Lawler, "Metaphors We Compute By" (1987)
• Jacques Leslie, "The Impact of E-Mail" (1993) (HotWired)
• Peter Ludlow (State U. of New York, Stone Brook), ed., High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace (1996) (excerpts) ("drafts" of most of the essays in the volume by various authors; includes a wealth of links to supplementary readings)
• Marlene Manoff (MIT Libraries), "Cyberhope or Cyberhype? Computers and Scholarly Research" (1997)
• Bruce Murray., SOCIETY, CYBERSPACE AND THE FUTURE .
• Janet H.Murray Hamlet on the Holodeck. Cambridge: MIT UP, 1997.
• Nicholas Negroponte (MIT Media Lab), Being Digital (excerpts from the book supported by external links and a collection of Negroponte's Wired Magazine columnsNegroponte, Nicholas. Being Digital. NY: Knopf, 1995.   Browse through The "Being Digital" Cyberdock.
• Neil Postman, "Informing Ourselves to Death" (1990)
• Mark Olsen (U. Chicago), "Signs, Symbols, and Discourses: A New Direction for Computer-Aided
• Ed Regis. "Meet the Extropians". Wired. 2.10 (October 1994).
• Elizabeth M. Reid (Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology) Cultural Formations in Text-Based Virtual Realities (1994) (MA thesis) and "Internet Culture Research"
• Howard Rheingold Taming Technology
• Michael S.Rosenberg. "Virtual Reality: Reflections of Life, Dreams, and Technology: An Ethnography of a Computer Society". Includes an excellent glossary
• Marc Smith and Peter Kollock, eds., Communities in Cyberspace: Perspectives on New Forms of Social Organizaton (1997) (table of contents) | Introduction (draft version)
• Alan Sondheim, Internet Text
• Richard Thieme's Home Page, ThiemeWorks,
• John Unsworth (U. Virginia), "Living Inside the (Operating) System: Community in Virtual Reality (Draft)" and Electronic Scholarship or, Scholarly Publishing and the Public
• Shawn P. Wilbur An Archeology of Cyberspaces: Community, Virtuality, Mediation, Commerce
• Sean Zdenek, (Carnegie Mellon U) Cyber: Technoculture --There's Nothing Finer, They Said

Hypertext

• Daniel Anderson, (U. Texas Austin), Not Maimed but Malted (hypertext essay on hypertextuality and the relation between graphics and text; applied to the problem of freshmen composition)
• Sven Birkerts, "Into the Electronic Millennium."  
• Vannevar Bush, "As We May Think" (1945) (HTML version of the canonical essay on hypertext; originally published in The Atlantic Monthly) "As We May Think," from Atlantic Monthly (July 1945).
• Charles Deemer"What Is Hypertext?" 1994. Charles Deemer's Homepage. Online. 22 August 1995.
• J. Yellowlees DouglasPerforations: Gaps Maps and Perception What Hypertext Readers (Don't) Do
• Tim Guay, "Media and Hypertext Theory"
• Jon Katz "Return of the Luddites." Wired (June 1995): 162-65, 210.
• Kevin Kelly. "Interview with the Luddite [Kirkpatrick Sale]." Wired (June 1995): 166-68, 211-14
• Raymond Kurzwei The Age of Intelligent Machines. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1990.
• George P. Landow Hypertext: The Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins UP, 1992.
• ---, "Vannevar Bush and the Memex"
• Jerome McGann (U. Virginia) "Radiant Textuality" (the relation of online computing and hypertext to literary scholarship and The Rationale of HyperText"
• Judy Malloy. "Hypernarrative in the Age of the Web". Arts.Community.2.5.
• William J. Mitchell, City of Bits: Space, Place, and the Infobahn (Boston: The MIT Press, 1995).
• Stuart Moulthrop and Nancy Kaplan's "Citescapes: Supporting Knowledge Construction on the Web" and Moulthrop's "The Shadow of an Informand: An Experiment in Hypertext Rhetoric."
• John Tovla's "The Heresy of Hypertext: Fear and Anxiety in the Late Age of Print." 
• John Unsworth's "Living Inside the (Operating) System: Community in Virtual Reality." 

Virtual Communities

• John Perry Barlow's "Is There a There in Cyberspace?" (Utne Reader)
• Collin Gifford Brooke's "The Fate of Rhetoric in an Electronic Age" (Enculturation 1:1, Spring 1997) 
• Amy Bruckman's "Finding One's Own in Cyberspace," (Technology Review, January 1996). 
• Judith S. Donath (MIT Media Lab), "Identity and Deception in the Virtual Community" (1996)
• Jan Fernback and Brad Thompson. "Virtual Communities: Abort, Retry, Failure?".
• Arthur Kroker and Marilouise. "30 Cyber-Days in San Francisco 1.5: Welcome to the (Digital) Neighborhood". (Cf. 24 Hours in Cyberspace.)
• Chris Mitchell. Is This For Real?. "Chris Mitchell is unconvinced" by Mark Slouka's War Of The Worlds: The Assault On Reality.
• Yannis Paniaras. "Virtual Identities in CMC". Rheingold, Howard. "A Slice of Life in My Virtual Community".
• Howard Rheingold, Chapter 5 of Howard Rheingold's book, The Virtual Community  (pp. 92-7 in Wired Society).
• ---.Technology, Community, Humanity and the Net,
• ---. "Visionaries and Convergences: The Accidental History of the Net," from The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier (1993).
• ---. "Electronic Democracy Toolkit". From the Millenium Whole Earth Catalog. About CyberCafes.
• Bruce Sterling. "The Virtual City". This is a speech given at Rice Design Alliance Houston, Texas, March 2, 1994.
• Shuschen Tan. "Digital City, Amsterdam". An Interview with Marleen Stikker.
  
• Sherry Turkle (MIT) "Who Am We?" (Wired, 4, 1, January 1996), "Virtuality and Its Discontents:  Searching for Community in Cyberspace" (The American Prospect, no. 24, Winter 1996), andand Life on the Screen

Cyberdemocracy & The Global Village

• John Arquilla & David Ronfeldt (RAND Foundation), "Cyberocracy, Cyberspace, and Cyberology: Political Effects of the Information Revolution"
• John Perry Barlow, "Selling Wine Without Bottles: The Economy of Mind on the Global Net" (1996) (from Peter Ludlow, ed., (State U. of New York, Stone Brook), ed., High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace)
• William F. Birdsall, "The Internet and the Ideology of Information Technology"
• Paul Bissex, "Cyberia: Fighting the Chill of the Information Age"
• Daniel Chandler, "The Technological Imperative: Technological or Media Determinism." 
• Jon Katz "Birth of a Digital Nation" (1997) and "The Digital Citizen" (1997) (Wired)
• Arthur Krokerwith Marilouise Kroker, "Code Warriors: Bunkering In and Dumbing Down" (excerpt from the Kroker's 1996 book, Hacking the Future) (CTHEORY)
• Mark Poster (U. California, Irvine): Home Page, "CyberDemocracy: Internet and the Public Sphere" and "Postmodern Virtualities"
• Dirk H.R. Spennemann, Jim Birckhead, David G. Green, and John S. Atkinson, "The Electronic Colonization of the Pacific," Computer-Mediated Communication Magazine 3:2 (01 February 1996)
• Michael A. Weinstein, "The Triumph of Abuse Value," CTHEORY 14 (03 May 1995).
• Langdon Winner (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), "Cyberlibertarian Myths and the Prospects for Community" (1997) ("critique of the banal fantasies that pass as 'vision' among of many of those who speculate about cyberspace and politics in our time")
• Roberto Verzola, "Towards A Political Economy of Information"
• Corporate Watch, "Who Owns Cyberspace, and Can They Control It?"
• Americans in the Information Age Falling Through the Net - National Telecommunications and Information Association (digital divide - haves and have nots, gender, permanent or temporary disabilities, economic and cultural barriers) ;
• Ali Mir and Maya Yajnik, "The Uneven Development of Places: From Bodyshopping to Global Assembly Lines"

Technology & The Public Sphere

• Arthur Kroker and Michael Weinstein, "The Hyper-Texted Body, Or Nietzsche Gets A Modem," CTHEORY
• Geert Lovink, "The Media Gesture Of Data Dandyism," CTHEORY
• John Monberg, "Information Technology Systems as Publics," Computer-Mediated Communication Magazine 3:2 (01 February 1996).
• William J. Mitchell, City of Bits: Space, Place, and the Infobahn (Boston: The MIT Press, 1995).
• Mark Poster, "The Net as Public Sphere?" Wired 3:11 (November 1995).

• Michael A. Weinstein and Deena Weinstein, "Net Game: An American Dialogue," CTHEORY 1.12 (11 July 1996).

• Usfeul Site:
  • Habermas' Public Sphere

Cyber-Sexual Politics

• Shannon Bell, "Kate Bornstein: A Transgender Transsexual Postmodern Tiresias" (CTHEORY , Carnegie Mellon U.)
• David Balcom, Body Language:Text and Gender Online
• Amy Bruckman (MIT Media Lab) "Gender Swapping on the Internet" (1993)
• Lynn Cherny (Stanford U.), "Gender Differences in Text-Based Virtual Reality" (1994) and " 'Objectifying' the Body in the Discourse of an Object-Oriented MUD" (1995)
• Julian Dibbell, "A Rape in Cyberspace or How an Evil Clown, a Haitian Trickster Spirit, Two Wizards, and a Cast of Dozens Turned a Database Into a Society" (1993) (Village Voice)
• Barbara Ehrenreich,"Put Your Pants on, Demonboy." 
• Donna Haraway, "A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century," in Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature (New York; Routledge, 1991), pp.149-181. 
• Jesse Kornbluth, "(You Make Me Feel Like a) Virtual Woman."
• Elizabeth Lane Lawley (U. Alabama), "Computers and the Communication of Gender"
• Shannon McRae (U. Washington), "Coming Apart at the Seams: The Erotics of Virtual Embodiment" (1995)

The Virtual Panopticon

• Heather Corinna, "I Am Not an Exhibitionist: The AmandaCAM Interview," Leisure Suit (6 September 1999).
• John Ives' "Computer Virus Hoaxes: Urban Legends for the Digital Age" (Bad Subjects, Issue #37, March 1998). 
• David Lyon's "From Big Brother to Electronic Panopticon"
• Mark Surman, "What is Hegemony Anyways?"
• Jeremy Bentham Project
• Be sure to get a look at the Jeremy Bentham Webcam

Cyberpunks and Cyborgs

• John Perry Barlow, Sven Birkerts, Kevin Kelly, Mark Slouka. "What Are We Doing On-line?" Harper's Magazine (August 1995): 35-46.
• John Perry Barlow. Crime and Puzzlement, Part 2 and "A Not Terribly Brief History of the Electronic Frontier Foundation".
• Adam S. Bauman, "Internet Hackers Breach Security: Hard Core Porn Stored at Lawrence Livermore," San Jose Mercury News (12 July 1994)
• Decide, "The Novice's Guide to Hacking" (August 1993)
• Mark Dery, "Culture Jamming: Hacking, Slashing and Sniping in the Empire of Signs"
• JulianDibbell. "The Prisoner: Phiber Optik Goes Directly to Jail"
• Dissident, "The Ethics of Hacking"
• Emmanuel Goldstein,. "No Time for Goodbyes--Phiber Optik's Journey to Prison"
• Wendy Grossman. NetWars. NY: NY UP, 1997.
• Invisible Evil, "Hacking Kit version 2.0 Beta," (March 1997)
• Mitchel Kapor. "Civil Liberties in Cyberspace."
• Arthur Kroker and Marilouise. "Johnny Mnemonic: The Day Cyberpunk Died."  
• Hackers, the Movie  
• Timothy C. May, "The Crypto-Anarchist Manifesto" (September 1992).
• Mentor's "Hacker's Manifesto; or The Conscience of a Hacker" was published in Phrack, which is a leading publication for hackers, along with 2600: The Hacker Quarterly.
• A Novice's Guide to Hacking (.zip file)
• Joshua Quittner,. "Hacker Homecoming", ... "Phiber Optik is out of jail and back online,"(originally appeared in Time, 145.4 (Jan. 23 1995).
• Seeker1, "Is Cyberpunk the Counterculture of the 1990's? The Red Light District of the Virtual Community."
• Seeker1, "Talking 'Bout My Generation" A Slacker Manifesto
• Sir Hack-a-lot, "A UNIX Hacking Tutorial"
• Michelle Slatalla and Joshua Quittner. Masters of Deception: The Gang That Ruled Cyberspace. NY: HarperCollins, 1995. (See "Gang War in Cyberspace", in Wired [December 1994]: 146-51, 200-05
• Guy L.Steele et al., ed. The Hacker's Dictionary: A Guide to the World of Computer Wizzards. Harper and Row, 1983; The New Hacker's Dictionary, MIT Press, 1993.
• Bruce Sterling, The Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier.
• McKenzie Wark, "Cyberpunk: From subculture to mainstream" (1992)

• Hari Kunzru "You Are Cyborg". ("For Donna Haraway, we are already assimilated") Wired 5.02 (February 1997).
• Mimi Ito, "Cybernetic Fantasies: Extended Selfhood in a Virtual Community."
• David Porush, "The Rise of Cyborg Culture: The Bomb was a Cyborg", in Surfaces, 4 (1996).
• Elizabeth Reid. "Identity and the Cyborg Body".
• Allucquere Rosanne Stone,"Will the Real Body Please Stand Up?". Real or Cyborg Body? What the Difference?
• Herb Brody, "Session with the Cybershrink: an Interview with Sherry Turkle," Technology Review (1995). pp. 380-8 in Wired Society.
  • Computer Mediated Minds, Cyborg Bodies
  • Cyborg: Some Definitions, Descriptions, and Exemplications
  • Computer Mediated Minds, Cyborg Bodies
• The Cyborg Paradigm, Gender Difference, and Multivocality
• Medical Technology and Redefinitions of the Body
• Science, Technology, and the Cyborg
• Cyborgs in Cyberspace
• Wired 4.05: Sex and Death among the Cyborgs
• The Body, Post Humans and Cyborgs

MOOs & MUDS

• Amy Bruckman (MIT Media Lab) with Mitchel Resnick, "The MediaMOO Project: Constructionism and Professional Community" (1995)
• Don Langham, "The Common Place MOO: Orality and Literacy in Virtual Reality," Computer-Mediated Communication Magazine 1:3 (01 July 1994)
• Sherry Turkle, "Constructions and Reconstructions of Self in Virtual Reality: Playing in the MUDs" (Mind, Culture, and Activity, 1, 3, Summer 1994).

The Virtual Library and the Culture of Print

• Terry Abraham. "Books to Bytes: Libraries and the Internet".
• John Browning. "Libraries Without Walls--For Books Without Pages" Wired 1.1 (1993, The Premiere Issue).
• Nancy Kaplan,(U. of Baltimore) "Politexts, Hypertext, and Other Cultural Formations in the Late Age of Print" (Computer-Mediated Communication Magazine)
• James J. O'Donnell (U. Penn) " The Virtual Library: An Idea Whose Time Has Passed"
• McKenzie Wark. "Virtual Knowledge in the Library of Babel".
  • Dean Blobaum (U. Chicago Press), Review of Sven Birkerts's The Gutenberg Elegies: The Fate of Reading in the Electronic Age (1995)
  • Jay David Bolter Home Page.

Freedom/Censorship (Security Software Piracy and The Communication Decency Act)

• John Perry Barlow, "The Economy of Ideas," Wired (March 1994).
• Peter Ludlow, "Does Information Want to be Free?" High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1996).
• Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility
• FBI Director Louis Freeh addresses Computer Crime (04 March 1997)
• Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (1984)
• Electronic Privacy Information Center
• Software Piracy: Detailed Anti-Piracy site from a Computer Ethics Course.

Piracy Related Readings:

• Bronwyn Fryer, "The Software Police," Wired 3.05 (1995).
• Bentley Systems, "Software Piracy: What You Should Know": An Industry Perspective
• Business Software Alliance, The Impact of Piracy on the International Marketplace: Industry Perspective
• Chris DiBona, Sam Ockman & Mark Stone, eds., Open Sources: Voices from the Free Software Movement (O'Reilly, 1999): The first book "copylefted" under the GNU GPL.
• Editorial, "So You Want to be a Pirate?" Pirate 1:1 (June 1989).
• Dan Farmer, "Improving the Security of Your Site by Breaking Into It," from the author of SATAN.
• Mike Godwin, "When Copying Isn't Theft: How the Government Stumbled in a "Hacker" Case" Internet World (Jan/Feb 1994)
• Margaret Lynch, "Ethical Issues in Electronic Information Systems"
• Jesse Hirsh, "The Information Institution: Oligopoly, Monopoly, and Power," Anarchives 2:22 (16 December 1995).
• National Academy of Sciences, "Cryptography's Role in Securing the Information Society." 1996 NAS Report to Congress
• John Raffetto, "Internet Piracy Signals Need For Legislation".
• Richard M. Stallman, "The GNU Operating System and the Free Software Movement."
• Phil Zimmerman,"How PGP Works" and "Why Do you Need PGP?"

• FBI Documents concerning Encryption. Made available by the Electronic Privacy Information Center.
• PGP User's Guide, Volume I: Essential Topics.
• PGP User's Guide, Volume II: Special Topics