Publication: The content of physics self-explanations

Chi, M. T. H., & VanLehn, K. (1991). The content of physics self-explanations. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 1(1), 69-106.

Several earlier studies have found that the amount learned while studying worked-out examples is proportional to the number of self-explanations generated while studying examples. A self-explanation is a comment about an example statement that contains domain-relevant information over and above what was contained in the example line itself. This article analyzes the specific content of self-explanations generated by students while studying physics examples. Results suggest that in generating self-explanations, students both deduce from prior knowledge and generalize from example statements, yielding new general knowledge that helps complete an otherwise incomplete understanding of domain principles and concepts. The relevance of this research for instruction and models of explanation-based learning is also discussed.