1. A young man purchases a new suit and has
his long hair cut short for a job interview at a bank. This is an example
of:
a. Impression management.
b. Institutional management.
c. Role expectations.
d. Altercasting.
[answer=a]
2. A person whom you have never met and know
nothing about walks into a room. You will most likely form an immediate
impression of this person based on all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Race.
b. Gender.
c. Intelligence.
d. Verbal expressions.
[answer=c]
3. A person whose body weight is greater
than acceptable cultural standards will most likely be:
a. perceived as having strong will power.
b. evaluated negatively by others in terms
character as well as physical appearance.
c. offered a high visibility job.
d. stared at, but receive no negative reactions.
[answer=b]
4. According to Goffman, everyday life is
a series of social interactions in which people are motivated to:
a. Lie to others.
b. "Sell" an image to others.
c. Adopt or "buy" other people's identities.
d. Attempt to consistently occupy only one
social identity.
[answer b]
5. "cooling out" is a technique used for:
a. calming a tense social situation.
b. changing/redefining a person's spoiled
identity.
c. retreating to one's back stage.
d. regaining social approval when you've
mismanaged your identity.
[answer=b]
6. If a straight-A student
unexpectedly fails an exam and explains that his grandmother died the night
prior to the exam, what has occurred?
a. a crossing of front and
back stages
b. cooling out
c. an upheaval on the performance
team
d. an aligning action
[answer = d]
7. Studies have shown that physically attractive
people:
a. are assumed to have other positive characteristics
b. are assumed to have compensating negative
characteristics
c. generate more hostility than unattractive
people
d. spend more time managing the impression
they make than other people
[answer=a]
8. Which of the following is not a stigma?
a. a scar
b. a history of drug abuse
c. a tear in the seam of your pants
d. membership in a devalued ethnic group
[answer=c]
9. Stigmatized by his trial, OJ Simpson had
to search for/build a new and acceptable identity. What process is this?
a. stigma
b. dramaturgy
c. aligning actions
d. cooling out
[answer=d]
10. This refers to when a person excuses
or justifies her behavior, but still acknowledges that social rules exist.
a. stigma
b. dramaturgy
c. aligning actions
d. cooling out
[answer=c]
11. In this process, people are gently persuaded
to accept less desirable identities than they had originally hoped for.
a. stigma
b. dramaturgy
c. aligning actions
d. cooling out
[answer=d]
12. According to conflict theorists,
stratification is ultimately based upon:
a. the unequal distribution
of resources.
b. the more or less equal
distribution of political and economic power.
c. serving the needs of the
entire society.
d. the continual advantage
held by offspring of high status people.
[answer = a]
13. Critics of the functionalist
perspective on stratification would most likely agree that:
a. The functional importance
of physicians is enough to warrant their high place in the stratification
system.
b. The middle class manipulates
the economic and political institutions in order to maintain its advantages.
c. Many people have the talent
to perform important social functions and hold high positions in the stratification
system, but they lack access to training.
d. Stratification serves the
needs of all members of society equally.
[answer = c]
14. In industrialized societies, stratification
systems tend to be based on:
a. an estate/feudal system.
b. a caste system.
c. a social class system.
d. a slavery system.
[answer=c]
15. Social class is:
a. the caste into which one is born and
which determines one's lifestyle.
b. the level of prestige and honor certain
groups of people possess.
c. the group of people who share a similar
economic position.
d. the status one achieves throughout one's
lifetime.
[answer=c]
16. Class consciousness refers to:
a. People's awareness of their true class
identity.
b. An unwillingness of people to place themselves
in discrete social classes.
c. People's awareness of elite values.
d. People's awareness of the means by which
the powerful classes prevent protest.
[answer=a]
17. According to the informal rules of our
stratification system, being kept waiting:
a. is a means by which power differences
between individuals and groups are equalized.
b. is a means by which power is created
and maintained between individuals and groups.
c. signifies that certain goods and services
are in short supply.
d. signifies that certain goods and services
are in short demand.
[answer=b]
18. Which of the following is NOT considered
to be an Economic Function of poverty?
a. Poor people act as a visible reminder
to the rest of society of the legitimacy of the conventional values
of hard work, thrift, and honesty.
b. Poverty creates occupations and services
that either serve the poor, such as social workers and pawnshop owners.
c. Poverty provides a ready pool of low-wage
laborers who are willing to do society's dirty work.
d. Poor people purchase goods and services
that would otherwise go unused, such as secondhand goods and day-old
breads.
[answer=a]
19. A middle-aged man regularly sleeps in
the doorways of large downtown buildings. When possible, he eats
scraps of food that are thrown away in trash cans and dumpsters around
the city. He does not have a job. This man's every day life is an example
of:
a. Relative poverty.
b. Near poverty.
c. Absolute poverty.
d. Common poverty.
[answer=c]
20. Which of the following is an institutional
explanation for the problem of homelessness?
a. people have become increasingly callous
towards the misfortune of others.
b. changes in the economy have eliminated
many well-paying, low-skilled jobs.
c. the homeless people are unwilling to
work to change their circumstances.
d. seeing homeless people serves the function
of reminding the rest of society to work hard.
[answer=b]
21. The American Dream is based on the premise
that anyone can rise above terrible conditions to achieve success
if they work hard and follow the rules of society. Which cultural belief
does the American Dream support?
a. the belief in family values.
b. the belief that "workfare" should replace
"welfare."
c. ideology of competitive individualism.
d. the culture of poverty.
[answer=c]
22. Division of labor means
that:
a. dissent is sown among the
working classes.
b. work is distributed such
that one task can be done by a large number of organizational participants.
c. job descriptions carefully
lay out the responsibilities of each employee.
d. people have too many tasks
to do to become proficient at any of them.
[answer = c]
23. The U.S. government's estimates
of the poverty line are based on:
a. whether a person has someplace
to live.
b. whether a person eats three
solid meals a day.
c. a family's yearly income.
d. a family's ability to pay
for food and shelter.
[answer = c]
24. When taking the bus, Bill
intentionally avoids sitting next to someone who is of a different color.
His action reflects which kind of racism?
a. personal
b. out-group
c. cultural
d. institutional
[answer = a]
25. The phenomenon of "symbolic
racism" complicates the usual form of personal racism for all of the following
reasons EXCEPT:
a. Symbolic racism is not
expressed directly.
b. Symbolic racism is often
expressed by people who consider themselves non-prejudiced.
c. Symbolic racism motivates
avoidance of minority groups.
d. Symbolic racism is expressed
by people’s support for concrete programs to help improve the status of
minorities.
[answer = d]
26. What is the impetus for
Affirmative Action programs?
a. to establish hiring quotas
b. to fight institutional
racism
c. to justify the system of
"American Apartheid"
d. to uphold the policy of
cultural assimilation
[answer = b]
27. The North School District
spends an average of $12,000 per student. On the other side of town, the
South School District spends less than $4,000 per student. Such numbers
are a function of the property values of the school districts. Furthermore,
racial and ethnic minorities are concentrated in the South School District.
The difference between the two districts is an example of:
a. how high rates of segregation
benefit the educational system.
b. b. how common practices
within the educational system increase the likelihood of minority students
completing high school.
c. how financial pressures
on all school districts affect the quality of education.
d. how institutional racism
is perpetuated in the educational system.
[answer = d]
28.
refers to different groups in society maintainig their distinctive cultures
while also co-existing peacefully with the dominant group
a. cultural amalgamation
b. cultural pluralism
c. cultural accomodation
d. cultural co-optation
[answer = b]
29. The process by which a
minority become socially, economicaly, and culturally absorbed within the
dominant society is called:
a. cultural relativism
b. assimilation
c. amalgamation
d. cultural affilliation
[answer = b]
30. Which of the following
is NOT an example of sexism?
a. a husband refusing to do
housework because he feels it is inappropriate for his gender.
b. a male owner of a company
who does not hire women because he does not like having them around the
office.
c. a female store clerk refusing
to assist customers because she is suspicious of them.
d. a female business executive
verbally harassing her male office assistant because he is the only male
employee in the office.
[answer = c]
31. Which of the following statements is
true about sex and gender?
a. sex refers to biological identity, male
or female
b. gender refers to the socially learned
expectations and behaviors associated with members of each sex
c. gender is a more important concept to
sociologsts than sex
d. all of the above
[answer = d]
32. There can be substantial differences
in the construction of gender:
a. across social classes
b. among subcultures within a single society
c. among different racial and ethnic groups
d. all of the above
[answer = d]
33. The hierechical distribution of social
and economic resources according to gender is called:
a. the inevitability of patriarchy
b. adhoracy
c. gender stratification
d. gender assignation
[answer = c]
34. research testing the validity of the
human capital theory indicates that:
a. there is mounting evidence in support
of the human capital explanation for the difference in men's and women's
earnings
b. when we compare men and women at
the same level of education, prior experience, and number of hours worked
per week, women still earn less than men.
c. intermittent employment is more significant
in explaining wage differences than human capital theory
d. when it comes to women, education, age,
and experience have little influence on women's earnings
[answer = b]
35. An example of primary labor market job
would be:
a. seasonal work
b. retail sales
c. working for a major corporation in a
management position
d. all of the above
[answer = c]