Diffusion modeling references
Here is an incomplete list of papers that use diffusion modeling of landscape development to do something important.
TI: Earthquake chronology established by calibrating a fault scarp diffusion model with a cosmogenic nuclide; preliminary results from the Socorro Canyon Fault.
AU: Ayarbe-John-P; Phillips-Fred-M; Harrison-J-B-J; Elmore-David; Sharma-Pankaj
BK: In: Abstracts; New Mexico Geological Society annual spring meeting.
BA: Anonymous
SO: New Mexico Geology. 21; 2, Pages 39. 1999.
PB: New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources. Socorro, NM, United States. 1999.
PY: 1999
LA: English
DE: calibration-; Cenozoic-; central-New-Mexico; chlorine-; Cl-36; cosmogenic-elements; diffusivity-; earthquakes-; fault-scarps; geochronology-; geomorphology-; geotraverses-; halogens-; isotopes-; New-Mexico; paleoseismicity-; Pleistocene-; Quaternary-; radioactive-isotopes; rupture-; seismic-risk; Socorro-Canyon-Fault; United-States
CC: 24-Quaternary-geology; 19-Seismology
DT: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document
AN: 2000-051989
Record 2 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 5: 1997-2000/10
TI: Do morphological features record the imprint of forcing parameters in landsculpting?.
AU: Hurtrez-J-E; Lucazeau-F; Avouac-J-P
BK: In: European Union of Geosciences 8; oral and poster presentation.
BA: Anonymous
SO: Terra Abstracts. 7, Suppl. 1; Pages 245. 1995.
PB: Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford, International. 1995.
PY: 1995
LA: English
DE: Asia-; California-; drainage-; geomorphology-; Himalayas-; Indian-Peninsula; landform-evolution; Nepal-; processes-; relief-; San-Gabriel-Mountains; United-States
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document
AN: 2000-040008
Record 3 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 5: 1997-2000/10
TI: Influence of scarp height on the accuracy of morphologic dating.
AU: Nash-David-B
BK: In: Geological Society of America, 1998 annual meeting.
BA: Anonymous
SO: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America. 30; 7, Pages 329. 1998.
PB: Geological Society of America (GSA). Boulder, CO, United States. 1998.
PY: 1998
LA: English
AB: Morphologic dating of scarps, the matching of the observed morphology of a degraded scarp with that of a calibrated model, enjoyed great popularity in the early 1980's. The method fell into disuse when calculated ages of sequential profiles taken from the same scarp face were found to increase dramatically with scarp height. Careful examination of terrace scarps in glacial outwash near Jenny Lake Junction, Teton National Park indicates that the simple model assumed for hillslope degradation is not appropriate for scarps more than a few meters high. The model used for the degradation of transport-limited slopes assumes that downslope debris flux at any point is proportional to the gradient at that point alone. If the initial profile of a scarp consists of a horizontal base and crest and uniformly inclined face, with time, the degradation model predicts the gradient of the scarp face will decrease and the basal concavity and crestal convexity will become more rounded. It fu!
rther predicts that if the initial profile is symmetrical, the degraded profile will be symmetrical as well. Analysis of the Jenny Lake Junction terrace scarps shows that for terrace scarps less than five meters high, the fit between the observed and predicted profile is remarkably good. For higher scarps, however, the fit becomes progressively poorer with height. In addition, scarps become increasingly assymmetric with height with a basal concavity that is more rounded than the crestal convexity. This finding suggests that the debris flux on higher scarps cannot be assumed proportional to gradient. Several explanations may be proposed for this observation, particularly that erosion by water becomes more effective on higher scarps. The ability of the degradation model to accurately predict the morphologic changes observed on low scarps underlain by permeable material suggests that it is appropriate for their morphologic dating. For scarps more than five meters high, however, m!
orphologic dating should be avoided or used with great caution.
DE: accuracy-; calibration-; geomorphology-; Grand-Teton-National-Park; Jenny-Lake-Junction; models-; scarps-; Teton-County-Wyoming; United-States; Wyoming-
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document
MC: LAT: N433000; N441000; LONG: W1102500; W1105500.
AN: 1999-033609
Record 4 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 2: 1975-1984
TI: Morphologic dating of fluvial terrace scarps and fault scarps near West Yellowstone, Montana.
AU: Nash-David-B
SO: Geological Society of America Bulletin. 95; 12, Pages 1413-1424. 1984.
PB: Geological Society of America (GSA). Boulder, CO, United States. 1984.
PY: 1984
LA: English
DE: active-faults; Cenozoic-; dates-; degradation-; earthquakes-; erosion-features; fault-scarps; faults-; fluvial-features; Gallatin-County-Montana; geochronology-; geologic-hazards; geomorphology-; Hebgen-Lake; landform-evolution; methods-; Montana-; Quaternary-; relative-age; scarps-; terraces-; United-States; West-Yellowstone-region
CC: 23-Geomorphology; 03-Geochronology
DT: Serial
MC: LAT: N443500; N450000; LONG: W1110500; W1112000.
AN: 1985-002319
Record 5 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 2: 1975-1984
TI: Modification of wave-cut and faulting-controlled landforms.
AU: Hanks-Thomas-C; Bucknam-Robert-C; Lajoie-Kenneth-R; Wallace-Robert-E
BK: In: Special section; Fault behavior and the earthquake generation process.
BA: Anonymous
SO: JGR. Journal of Geophysical Research. B. 89; 7, Pages 5771-5790. 1984.
PB: American Geophysical Union. Washington, DC, United States. 1984.
PY: 1984
LA: English
DE: active-faults; California-; cliffs-; displacements-; effects-; fault-scarps; faults-; geomorphologic-effects; geomorphology-; landform-evolution; neotectonics-; structural-controls; tectonics-; United-States; Utah-; wave-cut-platforms; Western-U.S.
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Serial; Conference-Document
AN: 1985-025727
Record 6 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 2: 1975-1984
TI: Analytical modeling of fault scarp degradation; an homage to G. K. Gilbert.
AU: Nash-D-B
BK: In: 1983 AGU fall meeting.
SO: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union. 64; 45, Pages 859. 1983.
PB: American Geophysical Union. Washington, DC, United States. 1983.
PY: 1983
LA: English
DE: Basin-and-Range-Province; California-; Cenozoic-; degradation-; equations-; fault-scarps; geomorphology-; Holocene-; landform-evolution; loosening-limited-debris; mathematical-models; Michigan-; models-; Montana-; North-America; numerical-analysis; Quaternary-; transport-limited-debris; United-States; Utah-; West-Yellowstone
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document
AN: 1987-008798
Record 7 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 2: 1975-1984
TI: Application of a diffusion-equation model of fault-scarp degradation to late Quaternary fault scarps in Colorado and New Mexico.
AU: Colman-Steven-M; Machette-Michael-N
BK: In: Geological Society of America, 94th annual meeting.
BA: Anonymous
SO: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America. 13; 7, Pages 429. 1981.
PB: Geological Society of America (GSA). Boulder, CO, United States. 1981.
PY: 1981
LA: English
DE: Cenozoic-; Colorado-; distribution-; effects-; equations-; erosion-features; fault-scarps; faults-; geomorphology-; mathematical-models; neotectonics-; New-Mexico; Quaternary-; rates-; scarps-; structural-geology; tectonics-; United-States
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Abstract; Serial; Conference-Document
AN: 1984-004952
Record 8 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 2: 1975-1984
BK: Fault scarp morphology; indicator of paleoseismic chronology.
BA: Nash-David-B
PB: Pages: 8. 1981.
PY: 1981
LA: English
DE: earthquakes-; fault-scarps; Galatin-County-Montana; Gallatin-County-Montana; geochronology-; geomorphology-; Hebgen-Lake; indicators-; landform-evolution; Madison-River; Montana-; seismology-; soils-; United-States
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Report
MC: LAT: N442000; N450000; LONG: W1104000; W1114000.
AV: U. S. Geol. Surv., Libr., Reston, VA, United States
AN: 1992-003854
Record 9 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 2: 1975-1984
TI: Morphologic dating of degraded normal fault scarps.
AU: Nash-D-B
SO: Journal of Geology. 88; 3, Pages 353-360. 1980.
PB: University of Chicago Press. Chicago, IL, United States. 1980.
PY: 1980
LA: English
DE: age-; Cenozoic-; cohesionless-materials; degradation-; erosion-; fault-scarps; faults-; geochronology-; geometry-; geomorphology-; Holocene-; landform-evolution; mathematical-models; methods-; morphology-; neotectonics-; normal-faults; Quaternary-; rates-; relative-age; scarps-; slopes-; tectonics-; weathering-
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Serial
AN: 1980-048971
Record 10 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 3: 1985-1992
TI: Effect of far-field slope on morphologic dating of scarplike landforms.
AU: Hanks-Thomas-C; Andrews-D-J
SO: Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets. 94; 1, Pages 565-573. 1989.
PB: American Geophysical Union. Washington, DC, United States. 1989.
PY: 1989
LA: English
DE: Basin-and-Range-Province; Cenozoic-; extinct-lakes; geochronology-; geomorphology-; Great-Basin; lacustrine-features; Lake-Bonneville; Lake-Lahontan; lakes-; landform-evolution; mathematical-models; methods-; Nevada-; Pleistocene-; Quaternary-; relative-age; scarps-; slopes-; theoretical-studies; United-States; Utah-
CC: 23-Geomorphology; 03-Geochronology
DT: Serial
AN: 1989-023323
Record 11 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 3: 1985-1992
TI: Monitoring degradation of the Edgecumbe fault scarp, Rangitaiki Plains, New Zealand.
AU: Fellows-Debbie-L; Scott-Bradley-J
BK: In: The 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake.
BA: Lynch-Robert-P (editor)
SO: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 32; 1, Pages 181-184. 1989.
PB: Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR). Wellington, New Zealand. 1989.
PY: 1989
LA: English
AB: A portion of the Edgecumbe Fault scarp has been fenced and protected to provide a record of the major surface rupture. The site will be monitored to observe the natural degradation of the fault scarp, and it is also the sole remaining record, _unmodified by humans or stock, of the surface rupture formed during the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake. Measurements of the degradation are being made across seven profile lines perpendicular to the rupture at regular intervals. At present the monitoring results have not recognised any change in the free faces. The diffusion model has been shown by a number of workers to be applicable to scarps and is assumed to be the appropriate model for fault-scarp degradation in the _Rangitaiki Plains. An assumption of this model is that the time taken for the free face of the scarp to _degrade to an angle of repose is short compared with the time span over which diffusion occurs. Data obtained from monitoring of the site over a significant time per!
iod, combined with the known recurrence interval of the Edgecumbe Fault, will provide information to test this. In the long term, monitoring may also reveal details of the processes that carry the scarp to an angle of repose.
DE: Australasia-; degradation-; Edgecumbe-; fault-scarps; geomorphology-; landform-evolution; models-; monitoring-; New-Zealand; Rangitaiki-Plains; rupture-
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Serial
AN: 1992-014020
Record 12 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 3: 1985-1992
TI: Morphologic dating of the pre-1983 fault scarp on the Lost River Fault at Doublespring Pass Road, Custer County, Idaho.
AU: Hanks-Thomas-C; Schwartz-David-P
SO: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 77; 3, Pages 837-846. 1987.
PB: Seismological Society of America. Berkeley, CA, United States. 1987.
PY: 1987
LA: English
DE: Borah-Peak-earthquake-1983; central-Idaho; Custer-County-Idaho; Doublespring-Pass; earthquakes-; equations-; fault-scarps; geomorphology-; Idaho-; landform-evolution; Lost-River-Fault; mathematical-models; numerical-analysis; United-States
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Serial
AN: 1987-057591
Record 13 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 3: 1985-1992
TI: Reevaluation of the linear-diffusion model for morphologic dating of scarps.
AU: Nash-David
BK: In: Proceedings of Conference XXXIX; directions in paleoseismology.
BA: Crone-Anthony-J (editor); Omdahl-Eleanor-M (editor)
SO: Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey. Pages 325-338. 1987.
PB: U. S. Geological Survey. Reston, VA, United States. 1987.
PY: 1987
LA: English
DE: debris-flows; degradation-; diffusion-; earthquakes-; fault-scarps; geologic-hazards; geomorphology-; mass-movements; morphostructures-; paleoseismicity-; prediction-; processes-; relative-age; seismicity-; structural-controls; terraces-; theoretical-studies; USGS-
CC: 23-Geomorphology
DT: Serial; Report; Conference-Document
RN: OF 87-0673
AV: U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States
AN: 1988-048712
Record 14 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 3: 1985-1992
TI: Morphologic dating and modeling degradation of fault scarps.
AU: Nash-David-B
BK: In: Active tectonics.
BA: Wallace-Robert-E (chairperson)
CT: In the collection: Studies in geophysics. 1986.
SO: Pages 181-194. 1986.
PB: Natl. Acad. Press. Washington, D.C., United States. 1986.
PY: 1986
LA: English
DE: data-processing; debris-flows; degradation-; fault-scarps; faults-; geomorphology-; hillslopes-; landform-evolution; mass-movements; models-; neotectonics-; plate-tectonics; processes-; review-; tectonics-
CC: 23-Geomorphology; 16-Structural-geology
DT: Book
AN: 1986-069053
Record 15 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 4: 1993-1996
TI: Palaeoclimatic interpretation of a topographic profile across middle Holocene regressive shorelines of Longmu Co (western Tibet).
AU: Avouac-Jean-Philippe; Dobremez-Jean-Francois; Bourjot-Laurence
BK: In: Environmental issues in the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas.
BA: Gasse-F (editor); Derbyshire-E (editor)
SO: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 120; 1-2, Pages 93-104. 1996.
PB: Elsevier. Amsterdam, Netherlands. 1996.
PY: 1996
LA: English
AB: Most lakes and closed basins in Tibet are surrounded by abandoned shorelines attesting for high-water levels in the past. Two such lakes, Longmu Co and Sumxi Co (Western Tibet), were the focus of detailed palaeoclimatic work during the 1989 Sino-French expedition based on the study of lake sediments and analysis of a piston core. Here it is shown that additional information may be deduced from the abandoned shorelines around Longmu Co. A 1800 m long topographic profile was levelled from 75 m up to 230 m above the present lake elevation (5008 m), on which the shorelines form a flight of horizontal terraces separated by more or less degraded scarps. The elevations of the terraces were spaced regularly about 1.35 m, except for 3-5 m high lacunae recurring every 15-16 m. The potential annual evapo-transpiration was computed based on meteorological data collected at Tien Shui Hai from 13/08/89 to 11/09/90. Using a modified Penman formula a value of 1.60+ or -0.3 m/yr was obtai!
ned under close system conditions (no outlet) and a synthetic curve of lake regression was derived which appears to be consistent with the measured shoreline heights. It is concluded that the 1.35 m terraces represent annual regression of the lake level. By contrast, the 3-5 m high lacunae might reflect the periodic return, about every 9-12 yr, of particular climatic conditions responsible for a perturbation of the annual process of shoreline formation. All the shorelines of this profile have formed probably within one century, during a continuous and abrupt regression of the lake. Such evolution has also been identified in the sediments of a piston core collected at Sumxi Co, and dated at about 6-5.5 kyr B.P. The lake level must have been at its highest stand, shortly before that major regression. The mechanism responsible for this middle Holocene high stand and for the major sudden drop of the lake level remains uncertain.
DE: Asia-; Cenozoic-; China-; Far-East; Holocene-; interpretation-; Longmu-China; middle-Holocene; paleoclimatology-; Quaternary-; regression-; sea-level-changes; shore-features; shorelines-; Sumxi-China; topography-; Xizang-China
CC: 24-Quaternary-geology
DT: Serial; Conference-Document
AN: 1996-032802
Record 16 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 4: 1993-1996
TI: Faulting mechanism of the El Asnam (Algeria) 1954 and 1980 earthquakes from modelling of vertical movements.
AU: Bezzeghoud-M; Dimitrov-D; Ruegg-J-C; Lammali-K
SO: Tectonophysics. 249; 3-4, Pages 249-266. 1995.
PB: Elsevier. Amsterdam, Netherlands. 1995.
PY: 1995
LA: English
AB: Since 1980, most of the papers published on the El Asnam earthquake concern the geological and seismological aspects of the fault zone. Only one paper, published by Ruegg et al. (1982), constrains the faulting mechanism with geodetic measurements. The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the faulting mechanism of the 1954 and 1980 events by modelling the associated vertical movements. For this purpose we used all available data, and particularly those of the levelling profiles along the Algiers-Oran railway that has been remeasured after each event. The comparison between 1905 and 1976 levelling data shows observed vertical displacement that could have been induced by the 1954 earthquake. On the basis of the 1954 and 1980 levelling data, we propose a possible model for the 1954 and 1980 fault systems. Our 1954 fault model is parallel to the 1980 main thrust fault, with an offset of 6 km towards the west. The 1980 dislocation model proposed in this study is based on a var!
iable slip dislocation model and explains the observed surface break displacements given by Yielding et al. (1981). The Dewey (1991) and Avouac et al. (1992) models are compared with our dislocation model and discussed in this paper.
DE: active-faults; Africa-; aftershocks-; Algeria-; displacements-; earthquakes-; El-Asnam-earthquake-1954; El-Asnam-earthquake-1980; faults-; focal-mechanism; geodesy-; imbricate-tectonics; leveling-; listric-faults; neotectonics-; North-Africa; tectonics-; thrust-faults; vertical-movements
CC: 19-Seismology; 16-Structural-geology
DT: Serial
MC: LAT: N360000; N363000; LONG: E0014500; E0012000.
AN: 1996-002725
Record 17 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 4: 1993-1996
TI: Analysis of scarp profiles; evaluation of errors in morphologic dating.
AU: Avouac-Jean-Philippe
SO: Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets. 98; 4, Pages 6745-6754. 1993.
PB: American Geophysical Union. Washington, DC, United States. 1993.
PY: 1993
LA: English
DE: active-faults; degradation-; fault-scarps; faults-; geomorphology-; neotectonics-; relative-age; tectonics-; theoretical-studies
CC: 23-Geomorphology; 16-Structural-geology
DT: Serial
AN: 1993-019275
Record 18 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 4: 1993-1996
TI: Active tectonics in southern Xinjiang, China; analysis of terrace riser and normal fault scarp degradation along the Hotan-Qira fault system.
AU: Avouac-Jean-Philippe; Peltzer-Gilles
SO: Journal of Geophysical Research, B, Solid Earth and Planets. 98; 12, Pages 21,773-21,807. 1993.
PB: American Geophysical Union. Washington, DC, United States. 1993.
PY: 1993
LA: English
DE: active-faults; Asia-; China-; degradation-; en-echelon-faults; Far-East; fault-scarps; faults-; geomorphology-; Hotan-China; Hotan-Qira-Fault; Kunlun-Mountains; neotectonics-; normal-faults; Qira-China; structural-controls; tectonics-; terraces-; Xinjiang-China
CC: 16-Structural-geology
DT: Serial
MC: LAT: N364000; N370000; LONG: E0805000; E0802000.
AN: 1994-020619
Record 19 of 19 in GeoRef Disc 4: 1993-1996
TI: Late Quaternary kinematics of the Pallatanga strike-slip fault (central Ecuador) from topographic measurements of displaced morphological features.
AU: Winter-Thierry; Avouac-Jean-Philippe; Lavenu-Alain
SO: Geophysical Journal International. 115; 3, Pages 905-920. 1993.
PB: Blackwell. [London], United Kingdom. 1993.
PY: 1993
LA: English
DE: Andes-; Cenozoic-; central-Ecuador; displacements-; Ecuador-; fault-planes; faults-; kinematics-; Pallatanga-Fault; Quaternary-; rates-; Rio-Pangor; slip-; South-America; strike-slip-faults; topography-; upper-Quaternary; Western-Cordillera
CC: 16-Structural-geology
DT: Serial
MC: LAT: S030000; N010000; LONG: W0770000; W0810000.
AN: 1995-063199